The table below shows the annual household waste generation (kg per capita) in five different Vietnamese cities and provinces in 2005, 2015, and 2023. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Annual Household Waste Generation in Selected Vietnamese Localities (kg per capita)
Annual Household Waste Generation in Selected Vietnamese Localities (kg per capita) (kg per capita)

The table shows per-capita household waste (kg/year) in 2005, 2015, and 2023 across Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Binh Duong, Hue, and Ha Giang, with universal increases, Ho Chi Minh City always highest, Ha Giang always lowest, and Binh Duong tripling.

Band 6.5

This 6.5 answer reports all five localities' start and end figures correctly using simple "from...to" sentences and safe connectors like "but", but it never uses an analytical term for Binh Duong's growth rate, unlike the higher bands' "proportional increase".

The table shows the amount of household waste produced per person each year, measured in kilograms, in five Vietnamese cities and provinces in 2005, 2015 and 2023.

Overall, the amount of waste increased in all five places over the period. Ho Chi Minh City always produced the most waste, while Ha Giang always produced the least. Binh Duong had the biggest increase of all the places shown.

Ho Chi Minh City's waste went up from 240 kg per person in 2005 to 380 kg in 2023. Da Nang's figures also rose, from 150 kg to 290 kg over the same period. Hue's waste increased more slowly, from 110 kg to 165 kg.

Binh Duong's waste more than tripled, going from just 90 kg in 2005 up to 300 kg by 2023. Ha Giang produced much less waste than the other places, but it still increased steadily, from 35 kg to 65 kg.

Collocations

always produced the most wastethe biggest increasewent up frommore than tripledincreased steadily

Examiner Notes

  • TR“Ho Chi Minh City always produced the most waste, while Ha Giang always produced the least.” — Identifies the highest- and lowest-ranked localities across all years, like the 7.5 answer, but with repeated simple wording ("always produced") instead of varied vocabulary.
  • LR“Binh Duong had the biggest increase of all the places shown.” — Correct and clear, but a generic phrase, without the more analytical "proportional increase" used in the 7.5 answer.
  • GRA“Da Nang's figures also rose, from 150 kg to 290 kg over the same period.” — A simple past-tense "from...to" structure is accurate but a basic pattern repeated across the paragraph rather than varied syntax.
  • CC“Ha Giang produced much less waste than the other places, but it still increased steadily, from 35 kg to 65 kg.” — A single "but" clause connects the contrast, functional though less integrated than the 7.5 answer's concessive "despite" phrase.
Band 7.0

This 7.0 answer introduces the precise term "proportional increase" and a concessive clause for Ha Giang, narrowing the gap to 7.5, but its sentence patterns are still slightly more repetitive and less tightly fused than the 7.5 answer's.

The table illustrates the volume of household waste generated per capita, in kilograms, across five Vietnamese cities and provinces in 2005, 2015 and 2023.

Overall, household waste generation increased steadily in all five localities over the period, reflecting rapid urban growth nationwide. Ho Chi Minh City consistently produced the largest amount of waste, while Ha Giang consistently produced the smallest. Binh Duong, however, recorded by far the largest proportional increase among the five places.

Ho Chi Minh City's waste output rose from 240 kg per capita in 2005 to 380 kg by 2023. Da Nang followed a similar pattern, climbing from 150 kg to 290 kg over the same period, while Hue experienced a more modest rise, from 110 kg to 165 kg.

In sharp contrast, Binh Duong's waste generation more than tripled, jumping from just 90 kg per capita in 2005 to 300 kg by 2023. Ha Giang, although starting from a much lower base, also followed the general upward trend, with figures rising from 35 kg to 65 kg over the period.

Collocations

increased steadilyconsistently produced the largest amountby far the largest proportional increaseclimbing froma more modest risethe general upward trend

Examiner Notes

  • TR“Ho Chi Minh City consistently produced the largest amount of waste, while Ha Giang consistently produced the smallest.” — Identifies the highest- and lowest-ranked localities in one balanced sentence, matching the 7.5 answer's overview strategy closely, though with slightly more repetitive phrasing ("consistently... consistently").
  • LR“Binh Duong, however, recorded by far the largest proportional increase among the five places.” — Uses the analytical term "proportional increase", nearly matching the 7.5 answer's precision, with "by far" adding emphasis.
  • GRA“Ha Giang, although starting from a much lower base, also followed the general upward trend, with figures rising from 35 kg to 65 kg over the period.” — A concessive "although" clause plus a participial "with" phrase build a reasonably complex sentence, though less economically fused than the 7.5 answer's "despite its smaller scale" insertion.
  • CC“In sharp contrast, Binh Duong's waste generation more than tripled, jumping from just 90 kg per capita in 2005 to 300 kg by 2023.” — A clear contrastive opener separates Binh Duong's outlier trend from the steadier rises just described, functionally similar to the 7.5 answer's transition.
Band 7.5

The 7.5 answer stands out for pinpointing the highest- and lowest-ranked localities in one overview sentence, using the precise analytical phrase "proportional increase", and fusing a concessive insertion ("despite its smaller scale") directly into the final data sentence for tight cohesion.

The table illustrates the volume of household waste generated annually, measured in kilograms per capita, in five Vietnamese cities and provinces across three years: 2005, 2015, and 2023.

Overall, a consistent upward trend in household waste generation is discernible across all five localities over the period. Ho Chi Minh City invariably generated the largest quantities of waste per capita, while Ha Giang consistently produced the least. Notably, Binh Duong recorded the most significant proportional increase among the localities listed.

Ho Chi Minh City's waste output rose steadily from 240 kg per capita in 2005 to reach 380 kg per capita by 2023. Similarly, Da Nang saw its figures climb from 150 kg to 290 kg over the same timeframe. Hue also experienced a modest but continuous rise, increasing from 110 kg to 165 kg across the same period.

In stark contrast, Binh Duong's waste generation more than tripled, escalating markedly from 90 kg per capita in 2005 to 300 kg by 2023. Ha Giang, despite its smaller scale, followed the general upward trajectory, with waste increasing from 35 kg to 65 kg over the period.

Collocations

consistent upward trendinvariably generatedsignificant proportional increasewaste output rose steadilyfigures climbmodest but continuous risemore than tripledgeneral upward trajectory

Examiner Notes

  • TR“Ho Chi Minh City invariably generated the largest quantities of waste per capita, while Ha Giang consistently produced the least.” — Identifies the highest- and lowest-ranked localities across all three years in a single overview sentence.
  • LR“Notably, Binh Duong recorded the most significant proportional increase among the localities listed.” — "proportional increase" is precise analytical vocabulary, showing the writer compared rates of change rather than just absolute figures.
  • GRA“In stark contrast, Binh Duong's waste generation more than tripled, escalating markedly from 90 kg per capita in 2005 to 300 kg by 2023.” — A participial phrase ("escalating markedly") follows the main verb to add a second layer of description within one sentence.
  • CC“Ha Giang, despite its smaller scale, followed the general upward trajectory, with waste increasing from 35 kg to 65 kg over the period.” — The concessive insertion "despite its smaller scale" links this final data point back to the overall upward trend stated earlier, tying the paragraph together.
  • TR“Similarly, Da Nang saw its figures climb from 150 kg to 290 kg over the same timeframe.” — Accurately reports start and end values for a middle-ranking city, maintaining consistent data selection across the body paragraphs.