An Important River, Lake, or Area of Water in Your Country

Part 3 追问

这些是考官在该题卡之后提出的讨论题，已编写范文的题目附有参考答案。

1. 1. How important are rivers for tourism?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The plain closing observation about lakes lacks the fourth example 7.5 adds before reaching the same point.结尾关于湖泊的平淡观察,缺少7.5在到达同一论点之前所添加的第四个例子。

   I think rivers are almost essential for tourism where I live. Nearly every big attraction near me sits on water: the boats on the Perfume River, the lanterns in Hoi An, and the floating markets of the Mekong. Rivers give a place its shape, so the oldest, prettiest parts of a city usually sit beside them. They offer activities like cruises and evening walks, and they give the views tourists photograph. A river also cools a hot city and gives people somewhere to gather at night.

   查看中文翻译

   我觉得在我住的地方,河流对旅游业来说几乎是不可或缺的。我附近几乎每一个大景点都坐落在水边:香江上的游船、会安的灯笼,还有湄公河的水上市场。河流塑造了一个地方的样貌,所以一座城市最古老、最漂亮的部分通常都在河边。它们提供了游船和傍晚散步之类的活动,也提供了游客拍照的风景。河流还能给炎热的城市降温,给人们提供一个夜晚聚集的地方。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Rivers give a place its shape, so the oldest, prettiest parts of a city usually sit beside them.” — A simple "so" clause. Compare 7.5's semicolon-joined version elaborating the same idea with the added phrase "and its story."一个简单的 "so" 从句。对比7.5用分号连接、并加入 "and its story" 这个短语来展开同一想法的版本。
   • LR“give a place its shape” — A simple phrase. Contrast 7.5's "give a place its shape and its story," adding a second noun for richer meaning.一个简单的短语。对比7.5的 "give a place its shape and its story",加入了第二个名词,意味更丰富。
   • GRA“the boats on the Perfume River, the lanterns in Hoi An, and the floating markets of the Mekong” — A three-item colon-introduced list; simpler and shorter than 7.5's four-item dash-introduced list.一个用冒号引出的三项清单;比7.5用破折号引出的四项清单更简单、更短。

   7.0 分

   The double hedge "Honestly... I'd say" gives a natural spoken opening, more fluent than 6.5's plainer opening statement.双重让步语 "Honestly... I'd say" 带来一种自然的口语式开场,比6.5那句更平淡的开场陈述更流畅。

   Honestly, close to essential, I'd say, in my part of the world. Nearly every big tourist draw near me sits on water — the dragon boats on the Perfume River, the lantern-lit river in Hoi An, the floating markets of the Mekong. Rivers give a place its shape and its story, since cities usually began beside them, so the oldest and prettiest districts sit right there. They provide the activities tourists want, like cruises and evening walks, and the views that fill photographs. A river also cools a hot city and gives it somewhere to gather at night. Cities without one tend to build a lake instead.

   查看中文翻译

   老实说,在我们这一带,河流几乎是不可或缺的。我附近几乎每一个大的旅游吸引点都坐落在水边——香江上的龙舟、会安点着灯笼的河流,还有湄公河的水上市场。河流塑造了一个地方的样貌和它的故事,因为城市通常是傍水而建的,所以最古老、最漂亮的街区就在那里。它们提供游客想要的活动,比如游船和傍晚散步,还有能填满照片的风景。河流还能给炎热的城市降温,给它一个夜晚聚集的地方。没有河流的城市往往会建一个湖来代替。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Honestly, close to essential, I'd say, in my part of the world.” — A double hedge gives a natural spoken opening, more fluent than 6.5's plainer opening statement.双重让步语带来自然的口语式开场,比6.5那句更平淡的开场陈述更流畅。
   • LR“Rivers give a place its shape and its story” — A paired-noun phrase, more developed than 6.5's single-noun "shape."一个双名词短语,比6.5单一名词的 "shape" 更展开。
   • GRA“the dragon boats on the Perfume River, the lantern-lit river in Hoi An, the floating markets of the Mekong” — A dash-introduced list of three, more compact than 6.5's colon-based version, though shorter than 7.5's four-item list.一个用破折号引出的三项清单,比6.5用冒号的版本更紧凑,但比7.5的四项清单要短。

   7.5 分

   The four-item list building to Phong Nha's caves is richer than the three-item lists used at the lower bands.以丰芽洞穴收尾的四项清单,比低分段用到的三项清单更丰富。

   In my part of the world, close to essential, honestly. Nearly every big tourist draw nearby sits on water — the dragon boats on the Perfume River, the lantern-lit river in Hoi An, the floating markets of the Mekong, the caves you enter by boat in Phong Nha. Rivers give a place its shape and its story; they're where cities began, so the oldest and prettiest districts are usually beside them. They provide the activities tourists actually want — cruises, kayaking, evening walks — and the views that fill every photograph. A river also cools a hot city and gives it somewhere to gather after dark. Cities without one tend to build a lake instead.

   查看中文翻译

   在我们这一带,河流几乎是不可或缺的,老实说。我附近几乎每一个大的旅游吸引点都坐落在水边——香江上的龙舟、会安点着灯笼的河流、湄公河的水上市场,还有丰芽那种坐船才能进去的洞穴。河流塑造了一个地方的样貌和它的故事;城市正是从那里发端的,所以最古老、最漂亮的街区通常就在河边。它们提供游客真正想要的活动——游船、皮划艇、傍晚散步——还有能填满每一张照片的风景。河流还能给炎热的城市降温,给它一个天黑之后聚集的地方。没有河流的城市往往会建一个湖来代替。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“the dragon boats on the Perfume River, the lantern-lit river in Hoi An, the floating markets of the Mekong, the caves you enter by boat in Phong Nha” — A four-item list building toward a striking final example, richer than the three-item lists at 6.5 and 7.0.一个逐步展开、通向一个引人注目的最后例子的四项清单,比6.5和7.0的三项清单更丰富。
   • LR“cruises, kayaking, evening walks” — A precise three-item list, more textured than 7.0's plain "cruises and evening walks."一个精准的三项清单,比7.0平淡的 "cruises and evening walks" 更有质感。
   • GRA“Rivers give a place its shape and its story; they're where cities began, so the oldest and prettiest districts are usually beside them.” — A semicolon joining two related independent clauses, more controlled than 7.0's single coordinated sentence.用分号连接两个相关的独立分句,比7.0单一的并列句更有控制力。

2. 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using rivers to transport people in cities?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The plain phrase "an extra option, not as the main system" is functional, unlike 7.5's sharper single-word contrast "a supplement... its backbone."平淡的短语 "an extra option, not as the main system" 虽然管用,但不像7.5那句更犀利的单词对比 "a supplement... its backbone"。

   The main advantage is that a river is a road with no traffic, already built. The old ferry across the Hàn river never once got stuck in a jam. River transport is also pleasant, fairly clean, and can carry many people at once. But there are real problems. Saigon's modern river bus is lovely, yet it stops at piers two kilometres from where people actually want to go, because cities grew away from their rivers once roads took over. Boats are also slow and stop in bad weather. So rivers work as an extra option, not as the main system.

   查看中文翻译

   主要的优点在于,河流是一条早已建好、没有交通堵塞的道路。韩江上的老渡轮从来没有一次堵过车。水上交通也很舒适,相对干净,还能一次载很多人。但真正的问题也是存在的。西贡的现代水上巴士很漂亮,可它停靠的码头却在人们真正想去的地方两公里之外,因为自从道路取代河流之后,城市就渐渐远离了自己的河流。船也很慢,天气不好就得停开。所以河流只能算是一种额外的选择,而不是主要的交通系统。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“So rivers work as an extra option, not as the main system.” — A plain closing summary. Compare 7.5's near-identical idea phrased with the more formal noun "backbone," a sharper single-word contrast.一个平淡的结尾总结。对比7.5几乎相同的想法,但用了更正式的名词 "backbone" 来表达,是一个更犀利的单词对比。
   • LR“an extra option” — Plain, functional phrasing. Contrast 7.5's "a supplement... its backbone," a more precise pairing of contrasting nouns.平淡、功能性的措辞。对比7.5的 "a supplement... its backbone",这是一对更精确的对比名词。
   • GRA“But there are real problems.” — A very short, simple sentence used as a transition, less integrated than 7.5's version, which folds the same idea into "though" at the end of a longer sentence.一个用作过渡的很短、很简单的句子,不如7.5那种把同一想法折进一个长句结尾处的 "though" 那样融合得好。

   7.0 分

   The trailing "though" gives a natural spoken pivot, more fluent than 6.5's flat "But there are real problems."尾随的 "though" 带来一种自然的口语式转折,比6.5那句平淡的 "But there are real problems" 更流畅。

   The old ferry across the Hàn river never once sat in a jam, honestly, which is the main advantage — a river is a road with no cars, already built, and often running right through a city's centre. River transport is pleasant, relatively clean, and can carry a lot of people at once. The disadvantages, though, are practical. Saigon's modern river bus is lovely and arrives at piers two kilometres from anywhere people actually want to be, since cities grew away from their rivers once roads took over. Boats are slow, weather-dependent, and floods or low water stop them altogether. So it works as a supplement, and rarely as a backbone.

   查看中文翻译

   老实说,韩江上的老渡轮从来没有一次堵过车,这就是主要的优点——一条河就是一条早已建好、没有汽车的道路,而且往往正好穿过一座城市的中心。水上交通舒适,相对干净,还能一次载很多人。不过,劣势也是实际存在的。西贡的现代水上巴士很漂亮,却停靠在离人们真正想去的地方两公里的码头,因为自从道路取代河流之后,城市就渐渐远离了自己的河流。船很慢,受天气影响大,发洪水或水位低的时候干脆就停开了。所以它更像是一种补充,很少能成为骨干。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The disadvantages, though, are practical.” — The trailing "though" gives a natural spoken pivot, more fluent than 6.5's flat "But there are real problems."尾随的 "though" 带来一种自然的口语式转折,比6.5那句平淡的 "But there are real problems" 更流畅。
   • LR“arrives at piers two kilometres from anywhere people actually want to be” — Precise, concrete phrasing, similar to 7.5 but without the added clause about why cities grew away from their rivers.精确、具体的措辞,与7.5类似,但没有加上关于城市为什么远离河流的那句额外从句。
   • GRA“a river is a road with no cars, already built, and often running right through a city's centre” — A colon-free appositive structure, less punctuated than 7.5's colon-based version of the same idea.一个没有冒号的同位语结构,标点使用不如7.5那种用冒号写成同一想法的版本丰富。

   7.5 分

   The contrasting nouns "supplement" and "backbone" give the closing judgement more analytical weight than the plainer phrasing at the lower bands.对比性的名词 "supplement" 和 "backbone",让结尾的判断比低分段更平淡的措辞多了一层分析的力度。

   The old ferry across the Hàn river never once sat in a traffic jam, which is the main advantage: a river is a road with no cars on it, already built, and often running exactly where a city's centre is. River transport is pleasant, relatively clean, and can carry a lot of people at once. The disadvantages are practical, though. Saigon's modern river bus is lovely and arrives at piers two kilometres from anywhere people actually want to be, because cities grew away from their rivers once roads took over. Boats are slow, weather-dependent, and floods or low water stop them without warning. It works as a supplement to a transport system, and rarely as its backbone.

   查看中文翻译

   韩江上的老渡轮从来没有一次堵过车,这就是主要的优点:一条河就是一条早已建好、没有汽车的道路,而且往往恰好经过一座城市中心所在的位置。水上交通舒适,相对干净,还能一次载很多人。不过,劣势也是实际存在的。西贡的现代水上巴士很漂亮,却停靠在离人们真正想去的地方两公里的码头,因为自从道路取代河流之后,城市就渐渐远离了自己的河流。船很慢,受天气影响大,发洪水或水位低的时候会毫无预警地停开。它更像是一个交通系统的补充,而很少能成为它的骨干。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“It works as a supplement to a transport system, and rarely as its backbone.” — The precise contrasting nouns "supplement" and "backbone" give the closing judgement more analytical weight than the plainer phrasing at 6.5 and 7.0.精确的对比名词 "supplement" 和 "backbone",让结尾的判断比6.5和7.0更平淡的措辞多了一层分析的力度。
   • LR“floods or low water stop them without warning” — A more vivid, specific closing image than 7.0's plainer "stop them altogether."一个比7.0平淡的 "stop them altogether" 更生动、更具体的收尾意象。
   • GRA“The old ferry across the Hàn river never once sat in a traffic jam, which is the main advantage: a river is a road with no cars on it, already built, and often running exactly where a city's centre is.” — A colon-linked sentence unpacking the claim in stages, more controlled than 7.0's simpler appositive version.一个用冒号连接、分阶段展开论点的句子,比7.0更简单的同位语版本更有控制力。

3. 3. What impact does pollution have on the world's oceans?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The hedge "I think" tacked onto a short sentence is plain, unlike 7.5's trailing "though," which achieves the same contrast more economically."I think" 这个让步语附加在一个短句上,显得平淡,不如7.5用尾随的 "though" 更经济地取得同样的转折效果。

   The visible part washes onto my local beach after every storm, like plastic bags, bottles, and fishing nets tangled in the seaweed. The invisible part is worse, I think. Fishermen at Thọ Quang market go further out to sea every year, because there are fewer fish near the coast now, from pollution, warming, and too much fishing together. Plastic breaks into small pieces that end up in fish, and then in us. Chemicals from farms also run into the sea and create dead areas with no life. Warming seas are also killing coral reefs, which are important for ocean life.

   查看中文翻译

   每次暴风雨之后,能看见的那部分垃圾就会冲上我家附近的海滩,比如塑料袋、瓶子,还有缠在海藻里的渔网。看不见的那部分我觉得更糟。土权市场的渔民每年都要出海更远,因为近海的鱼变少了,原因是污染、变暖,还有过度捕捞叠加在一起。塑料会分解成小碎片,最终进入鱼体内,再进入我们体内。农田里的化学物质也会流入大海,形成没有生命的死区。变暖的海水也在杀死珊瑚礁,而珊瑚礁对海洋生物来说很重要。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The invisible part is worse, I think.” — A plain hedge tacked onto a short sentence. Compare 7.5's trailing "though," which achieves the same contrast more economically.一个附加在短句上的平淡让步语。对比7.5尾随的 "though",后者用更经济的方式取得同样的转折效果。
   • LR“there are fewer fish near the coast now” — Plain phrasing. Contrast 7.5's "the near waters hold fewer fish," a slightly more precise collocation.平淡的措辞。对比7.5的 "the near waters hold fewer fish",这是一个稍微更精确的搭配。
   • GRA“Chemicals from farms also run into the sea and create dead areas with no life.” — A simple coordinated sentence with an explanatory tail, less compact than 7.5's technical term "dead zones."一个带解释性尾句的简单并列句,不如7.5用专业术语 "dead zones" 那样紧凑。

   7.0 分

   The trailing "though" achieves the same contrast as 6.5's "I think" hedge, but more economically.尾随的 "though" 以更经济的方式取得了和6.5的 "I think" 让步语相同的转折效果。

   The visible part washes onto my local beach after every storm, honestly — plastic bags, bottles, fishing nets, all tangled in the seaweed for the cleanup crews. The invisible part is worse, though. Fishermen at Thọ Quang market go further out every year, because the near waters hold fewer fish now, which is the combined effect of pollution, warming and overfishing. Plastic breaks into fragments that end up in fish and then in us. Chemicals and fertiliser run off the land and create dead zones. Warming and acidification are also killing coral reefs, which act as nurseries for much of ocean life, so damaging them damages everything else too.

   查看中文翻译

   老实说,能看见的那部分垃圾每次暴风雨之后都会冲上我家附近的海滩——塑料袋、瓶子、渔网,全都缠在海藻里,等着清理队来处理。看不见的那部分更糟。土权市场的渔民每年都要出海更远,因为近海的水域里鱼变少了,这是污染、变暖和过度捕捞共同造成的结果。塑料会分解成碎片,最终进入鱼体内,再进入我们体内。化学物质和化肥从陆地流入海洋,形成死区。变暖和酸化也在杀死珊瑚礁,而珊瑚礁是海洋大部分生物的育婴房,所以破坏它们也会连带破坏其他的一切。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The invisible part is worse, though.” — The trailing "though" achieves the contrast more economically than 6.5's "I think" hedge.尾随的 "though" 比6.5的 "I think" 让步语更经济地取得了同样的转折效果。
   • LR“dead zones” — The precise technical term, beyond 6.5's descriptive but vaguer "dead areas with no life."一个精确的专业术语,超越了6.5那种描述性但更模糊的 "dead areas with no life"。
   • GRA“Warming and acidification are also killing coral reefs, which act as nurseries for much of ocean life, so damaging them damages everything else too.” — One long sentence chaining cause and consequence, slightly less tight than 7.5's dash-extended version reaching a wider conclusion about the whole planet.一个把因果串联起来的长句,比7.5用破折号延伸、最终得出关于整个星球的更广泛结论的版本稍微不那么紧凑。

   7.5 分

   The added final clause about the whole planet's climate widens the argument's scope beyond 7.0's conclusion about ocean life alone.新增的关于整个星球气候的收尾从句,把论证的范围扩大到了远超7.0那种只谈海洋生物的结论。

   The visible part washes onto my local beach after every storm — plastic bags, bottles, fishing nets, tangled in the seaweed for the cleanup crews. The invisible part is worse, though. Fishermen at Thọ Quang market go further out to sea every year, because the near waters hold fewer fish, and that's the combined effect of pollution, warming and overfishing on a sea that once seemed endless. Plastic breaks into fragments that end up in fish and then in us. Chemicals and fertiliser run off the land and create dead zones. Warming and acidification from carbon dioxide are killing coral reefs, which are nurseries for much of ocean life — and oceans regulate the whole planet's climate, so damaging them damages everything, including places nowhere near a coast.

   查看中文翻译

   能看见的那部分垃圾每次暴风雨之后都会冲上我家附近的海滩——塑料袋、瓶子、渔网,全都缠在海藻里,等着清理队来处理。看不见的那部分更糟。土权市场的渔民每年都要出海更远,因为近海的水域里鱼变少了,而这正是污染、变暖和过度捕捞共同作用在一片曾经看似无边无际的大海上的结果。塑料会分解成碎片,最终进入鱼体内,再进入我们体内。化学物质和化肥从陆地流入海洋,形成死区。二氧化碳引起的变暖和酸化正在杀死珊瑚礁,而珊瑚礁是海洋大部分生物的育婴房——海洋还调节着整个星球的气候,所以破坏它们就是在破坏一切,包括那些离海岸很远的地方。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“oceans regulate the whole planet's climate, so damaging them damages everything, including places nowhere near a coast” — An added final clause that widens the argument's scope beyond the coast itself, going further than 7.0's conclusion about ocean life alone.新增的收尾从句把论证的范围扩大到了海岸线之外,超越了7.0那种只谈海洋生物的结论。
   • LR“on a sea that once seemed endless” — A vivid, almost elegiac closing image, beyond 7.0's plainer causal explanation.一个生动、近乎挽歌式的收尾意象,超越了7.0那种更平淡的因果解释。
   • GRA“Warming and acidification from carbon dioxide are killing coral reefs, which are nurseries for much of ocean life — and oceans regulate the whole planet's climate, so damaging them damages everything, including places nowhere near a coast.” — A long sentence built from two dash-joined clauses, more ambitious than the single chained sentence at 7.0.一个由两个破折号连接的分句构成的长句,比7.0单一的链式长句更有野心。

4. 4. Will there need to be greater commercial use of the oceans in the future?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The plain opening judgement is functional, unlike 7.5's hedge-free version which achieves the same idea more economically.开头平淡的判断句是管用的,不如7.5那种去掉让步语、更经济地表达同一想法的版本。

   Probably yes, I think, and the question is what kind of use. Wind turbines are being planned off the central coast, and fish farms already fill the lagoon where the Perfume River meets the sea. The ocean is being asked to give us energy and food that the land cannot provide anymore. With more people and less farmland, I think we will see more of this, like fish farming and renewable energy, and maybe minerals from the seabed too. Some of this is necessary, but some is dangerous, especially deep-sea mining, which could destroy ecosystems we do not understand yet.

   查看中文翻译

   我觉得很可能是的,问题在于会是哪一种利用方式。中部海岸正在规划风力发电机,顺化香江入海口的潟湖里已经满是养鱼场。海洋正被要求提供陆地已经再也给不出的能源和食物。随着人口增加、耕地减少,我觉得我们会看到更多这样的事,比如养鱼和可再生能源,也许还有来自海床的矿产。这其中有些是必要的,但有些是危险的,尤其是深海采矿,它可能会破坏我们尚未了解的生态系统。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Probably yes, I think, and the question is what kind of use.” — A plain opening judgement. Compare 7.5's tighter, hedge-free version, "Probably, and the real question is what kind," which achieves the same idea more economically.一个平淡的开头判断句。对比7.5更紧凑、去掉让步语的版本 "Probably, and the real question is what kind",后者用更经济的方式表达了同一想法。
   • LR“The ocean is being asked to give us energy and food” — Plain phrasing. Contrast 7.5's "quietly being asked to supply," a more precise, slightly personifying verb choice.平淡的措辞。对比7.5的 "quietly being asked to supply",这是一个更精确、略带拟人色彩的动词选择。
   • GRA“Some of this is necessary, but some is dangerous, especially deep-sea mining, which could destroy ecosystems we do not understand yet.” — A single coordinated sentence, less punctuated than 7.5's semicolon version of the same idea.一个简单的并列句,标点使用不如7.5用分号连接同一想法的版本丰富。

   7.0 分

   The inserted "honestly" gives natural spoken texture, more fluent than 6.5's fuller but flatter opening.插入的 "honestly" 带来自然的口语质感,比6.5那句更完整但更平淡的开场更流畅。

   Probably, honestly, and the real question is what kind. Wind turbines are being proposed off the central coast, and fish farms already line the lagoon where the Perfume River meets the sea — the ocean is being asked to supply energy and food that the land can no longer stretch to provide. With more people and less farmland, I'd expect more of this: aquaculture, offshore renewables, perhaps minerals from the seabed, and shipping will only keep growing. Some of it is necessary and some is genuinely dangerous — deep-sea mining, in particular, could destroy ecosystems we haven't even studied yet.

   查看中文翻译

   很可能是的,老实说,真正的问题在于会是哪一种。中部海岸正在提议建设风力发电机,顺化香江入海口的潟湖里也已经排满了养鱼场——海洋正被要求供应陆地已经再也无法负担的能源和食物。随着人口增加、耕地减少,我预计会有更多这样的事:水产养殖、海上可再生能源,也许还有来自海床的矿产,航运也只会持续增长。有些是必要的,有些则真的很危险——尤其是深海采矿,它可能会破坏我们甚至都还没研究过的生态系统。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Probably, honestly, and the real question is what kind.” — The inserted "honestly" gives a natural spoken texture, more fluent than 6.5's fuller but flatter opening.插入的 "honestly" 带来自然的口语质感,比6.5那句更完整但更平淡的开场更流畅。
   • LR“the ocean is being asked to supply energy and food” — A more precise verb ("supply") than 6.5's plain "give us."一个比6.5平淡的 "give us" 更精确的动词("supply")。
   • GRA“Some of it is necessary and some is genuinely dangerous — deep-sea mining, in particular, could destroy ecosystems we haven't even studied yet.” — A dash-extended sentence, similar to 7.5 but without the closing sentence that widens the argument further.一个用破折号延伸的句子,和7.5类似,但没有那个把论证进一步展开的收尾句。

   7.5 分

   The added closing sentence built on a contrastive "whether... or" structure goes beyond the single observation that ends the lower-band answers.新增的那句用对比结构 "whether... or" 写成的收尾句,超越了低分段答案结尾那种单一的观察。

   Probably, and the real question is what kind. Wind turbines are being proposed off the central coast, and fish farms already line the lagoon where the Perfume River meets the sea — the ocean is quietly being asked to supply energy and food that the land can no longer stretch to. With more people and less farmland, more will surely come: aquaculture, offshore renewables, perhaps minerals from the seabed, and shipping that will only keep growing. Some of this is necessary and some is genuinely dangerous; deep-sea mining, in particular, could destroy ecosystems we haven't even begun to study. Greater use seems inevitable at this point. Whether it's done with rules, science and limits, or the way we treated the land last century, will decide whether the oceans survive it.

   查看中文翻译

   很可能是的,真正的问题在于会是哪一种。中部海岸正在提议建设风力发电机,顺化香江入海口的潟湖里也已经排满了养鱼场——海洋正被悄悄地要求供应陆地已经无法再负担的能源和食物。随着人口增加、耕地减少,更多这样的事肯定会到来:水产养殖、海上可再生能源,也许还有来自海床的矿产,以及只会不断增长的航运。有些是必要的,有些则真的很危险;尤其是深海采矿,它可能会破坏我们甚至还没开始研究过的生态系统。到这个阶段,更大规模的利用似乎已经不可避免。是靠规则、科学和限度来完成,还是像上个世纪对待土地那样去做,将决定海洋能否挺过这一切。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Whether it's done with rules, science and limits, or the way we treated the land last century, will decide whether the oceans survive it.” — An added closing sentence built on a contrastive "whether... or" structure, going beyond the single observation that ends the 7.0 and 6.5 answers.新增的收尾句用对比结构 "whether... or" 写成,超越了7.0和6.5答案结尾那种单一的观察。
   • LR“quietly being asked to supply energy and food that the land can no longer stretch to” — A more precise, slightly personifying phrase than 7.0's plainer version of the same idea.一个比7.0更精确、略带拟人色彩的短语。
   • GRA“Some of this is necessary and some is genuinely dangerous; deep-sea mining, in particular, could destroy ecosystems we haven't even begun to study.” — A semicolon-joined sentence with a fronted qualifier ("in particular"), more controlled than 7.0's dash version.一个用分号连接、前置了限定语("in particular")的句子,比7.0用破折号的版本更有控制力。

5. 5. Why do people enjoy spending time near water?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The hedge-heavy "I think part of the reason is the senses" is plain, unlike 7.5's more compact, confident version of the same claim.充满让步语的 "I think part of the reason is the senses" 显得平淡,不如7.5那种更紧凑、更自信的同一断言版本。

   Every evening, the riverbank in Hue fills with people who are just looking at the water, exactly like I did when I was fifteen. I think part of the reason is the senses: moving water is never exactly the same, so it holds your attention without asking for it, and the sound covers the noise of the city. Part of it is temperature too, because water cools the air. Humans have lived near water for survival for a long time, so maybe something in us still feels safe near it. Water is also where people do things together, like swim, fish, and talk.

   查看中文翻译

   每天傍晚,顺化的江边都会挤满只是静静看着水面的人,就像我十五岁时那样。我觉得部分原因在于感官:流动的水从来不会一模一样,所以它能不知不觉地吸引你的注意力,而水声还能盖过城市的噪音。部分原因也在于温度,因为水能给空气降温。人类为了生存,已经在水边生活了很长时间,所以也许我们内心深处依然对水有一种安全感。水也是人们一起做事的地方,比如游泳、钓鱼、聊天。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“I think part of the reason is the senses” — A plain, hedge-heavy explanation. Compare 7.5's more compact version, "Part of it is sensory," which drops the filler for a tighter, more confident claim.一个平淡、充满让步语的解释。对比7.5更紧凑的版本 "Part of it is sensory",去掉了填充语,断言更紧凑、更自信。
   • LR“still feels safe near it” — Vague, generic phrasing. Contrast 7.5's "still reads it as safety and plenty," a more precise verb ("reads") paired with a second noun.模糊、笼统的措辞。对比7.5的 "still reads it as safety and plenty",一个更精确的动词("reads")搭配了第二个名词。
   • GRA“Humans have lived near water for survival for a long time, so maybe something in us still feels safe near it.” — A plain "so" clause, less layered than 7.5's semicolon version with the added "and."一个平淡的 "so" 从句,不如7.5用分号加 "and" 的版本有层次。

   7.0 分

   The understated admission "I've never quite been able to explain why" is more natural than 6.5's version, though less wide-reaching than 7.5's claim about other people too.含蓄的坦白 "I've never quite been able to explain why" 比6.5的版本更自然,但不如7.5那句把范围扩展到其他人的断言那么宽广。

   Every evening, honestly, the riverbank in Hue fills with people doing nothing except looking at the water, exactly as I did at fifteen, and I've never quite been able to explain why. Part of it is sensory: moving water is never the same twice, so it holds attention without demanding it, and the sound covers the noise of the city. Part is temperature — water cools the air. And part, I'd guess, is deep in us; humans settled near water for survival, and something in the mind still seems to read it as safety. Water is also where people do things together, so it offers both activity and stillness.

   查看中文翻译

   老实说,每天傍晚,顺化的江边都会挤满什么也不做、只是看着水面的人,就像我十五岁时那样,而我一直没能完全解释清楚为什么。部分原因是感官上的:流动的水从来不会两次一模一样,所以它能不知不觉地吸引你的注意力,水声还能盖过城市的噪音。部分是温度——水能给空气降温。还有一部分,我猜,是深植于我们内心的;人类为了生存在水边定居,而人的心里似乎至今仍把水当作一种安全感。水也是人们一起做事的地方,所以它既提供活动,也提供静谧。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“I've never quite been able to explain why” — A natural, understated spoken admission, slightly less vivid than 7.5's "I've never met anyone who could fully explain why," which widens the claim to other people too.一种自然、含蓄的口语式坦白,比7.5那句 "I've never met anyone who could fully explain why" 略显生动性不足,后者把断言扩展到了其他人身上。
   • LR“something in the mind still seems to read it as safety” — The hedge "seems to" softens the claim; contrast 7.5's more confident, unhedged "still reads it as safety and plenty."让步语 "seems to" 软化了这个断言;对比7.5更自信、不加让步的 "still reads it as safety and plenty"。
   • GRA“Part is temperature — water cools the air. And part, I'd guess, is deep in us; humans settled near water for survival” — A sequence of short dash- and semicolon-linked clauses, more varied than 6.5's plain coordinated sentences.一连串用破折号和分号连接的短句,比6.5那种平淡的并列句更有变化。

   7.5 分

   Widening the claim to "I've never met anyone who could fully explain why" gives the reflection more weight than 7.0's more limited personal admission.把断言扩展为 "I've never met anyone who could fully explain why",让这段反思比7.0那种更局限的个人坦白更有分量。

   Every evening the riverbank in Hue fills with people doing nothing except looking at the water, exactly as I did at fifteen, and I've never met anyone who could fully explain why. Part of it is sensory: moving water is never the same twice, so it holds attention without demanding it, and the sound covers the noise of the city. Part is temperature — water cools the air. Part, I'd guess, is deep in us; humans settled near water for survival, and something in the mind still reads it as safety and plenty. Open water also gives a long view, which is rare in a city and strangely calming. And water is where people do things together — swim, fish, sit, talk — offering both activity and stillness at once.

   查看中文翻译

   每天傍晚,顺化的江边都会挤满什么也不做、只是看着水面的人,就像我十五岁时那样,而我从未遇到过谁能完全解释清楚为什么。部分原因是感官上的:流动的水从来不会两次一模一样,所以它能不知不觉地吸引你的注意力,水声还能盖过城市的噪音。部分是温度——水能给空气降温。部分,我猜,是深植于我们内心的;人类为了生存在水边定居,而人的心里至今仍把水当作安全和富足的象征。开阔的水面还能提供一种长远的视野,这在城市里很少见,却有一种奇特的抚慰力。而水也是人们一起做事的地方——游泳、钓鱼、静坐、聊天——同时提供活动和静谧。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“I've never met anyone who could fully explain why” — Widening the claim to other people, not just the speaker, gives the reflection more weight than 7.0's more limited personal admission.把断言扩展到其他人身上,而不只是说话者自己,让这段反思比7.0那种更局限的个人坦白更有分量。
   • LR“still reads it as safety and plenty” — A precise verb ("reads") paired with a second noun ("plenty"), richer than 7.0's hedged, single-noun version.一个精确的动词("reads")搭配第二个名词("plenty"),比7.0那种带让步语、单一名词的版本更丰富。
   • GRA“Open water also gives a long view, which is rare in a city and strangely calming. And water is where people do things together — swim, fish, sit, talk — offering both activity and stillness at once.” — An added sentence plus a dash-framed four-item list closing the whole answer, a structural layer absent from the shorter 6.5 and 7.0 versions.新增一句,加上破折号引出的四项清单为整个答案收尾,这是较短的6.5和7.0版本没有的结构层次。

6. 6. Why are the oceans the least explored area of the planet?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The because-clause about space is plain, unlike 7.5's version which uses a single precise adjective instead.关于太空的那句 because 从句显得平淡,不如7.5用一个精确的形容词来代替。

   I think it is because the ocean is hostile in almost every way. A fisherman at Thọ Quang once told me that nobody has ever seen the seabed under where he fishes, and that is probably true, since there is a kilometre of water, total darkness, and pressure that would crush most machines. Space is easier, because we can at least look at it, but the deep ocean has to be visited slowly, in expensive vessels, and you can only see a few metres at a time. Radio does not travel through water, so mapping is slow. There has also been less money, because governments funded rockets for prestige, not the seabed.

   查看中文翻译

   我觉得是因为海洋几乎在每个方面都不友好。土权市场的一个渔民曾经告诉我,他打鱼的地方下面,海床从来没有人见过,这大概是真的,因为那里有一公里深的水、彻底的黑暗,还有能压垮大多数机器的压力。太空反而更容易一些,因为我们至少能看见它,但深海必须慢慢地去探访,乘坐昂贵的潜水器,而且一次只能看到几米远。无线电信号无法在水中传播,所以绘制海图的速度很慢。资金投入也一直更少,因为各国政府为了国家威望而资助火箭,而不是海床。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Space is easier, because we can at least look at it” — A plain comparative statement. Compare 7.5's version, "Space is at least transparent," which uses a single precise adjective rather than a because-clause.一个平淡的比较陈述。对比7.5的版本 "Space is at least transparent",用一个精确的形容词代替了 because 从句。
   • LR“we can at least look at it” — Plain phrasing. Contrast 7.5's more evocative "we can look at it from here on Earth," which adds a grounding detail.平淡的措辞。对比7.5更生动的 "we can look at it from here on Earth",加入了一个立足点的细节。
   • GRA“There has also been less money, because governments funded rockets for prestige, not the seabed.” — A single because-clause, less layered than 7.5's added closing image about the flag.一个单一的 because 从句,不如7.5关于国旗那个新增的收尾意象有层次。

   7.0 分

   The semicolon-joined pair "Space, at least, is transparent; we can look at it from here" compresses the comparison more fluently than 6.5's because-clause.用分号连接的一对 "Space, at least, is transparent; we can look at it from here",比6.5的 because 从句更流畅地压缩了这个比较。

   Because it's hostile in pretty much every way that matters, honestly. A fisherman at Thọ Quang once told me that nobody had ever seen the seabed under where he fishes, and he's probably right — a kilometre of water, total darkness, and pressure that would crush most machines sit between us and it. Space, at least, is transparent; we can look at it from here. The deep ocean has to be visited, slowly, in expensive vessels, and you can only see a few metres at a time. Radio doesn't travel through water either, so mapping and communication are painfully slow. And there's been less money in it, since nations funded rockets for prestige and military reasons, not the seabed.

   查看中文翻译

   老实说,是因为海洋几乎在所有重要的方面都不友好。土权市场的一个渔民曾经告诉我,他打鱼的地方下面从来没有人见过海床,他大概是对的——一公里深的水、彻底的黑暗,还有能压垮大多数机器的压力,把我们和它隔开。太空至少是透明的;我们能从这里看见它。深海则必须去探访,慢慢地,乘坐昂贵的潜水器,而且一次只能看到几米远。无线电信号同样无法在水中传播,所以绘图和通讯都慢得让人难受。而且这方面的投入一直更少,因为各国为了国家威望和军事原因资助火箭,而不是海床。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Space, at least, is transparent; we can look at it from here.” — The semicolon-joined pair compresses the comparison, more fluent than 6.5's because-clause version.用分号连接的一对句子压缩了这个比较,比6.5的 because 从句版本更流畅。
   • LR“painfully slow” — A vivid intensifying adjective beyond 6.5's plain "slow."一个生动、有强调力的形容词,超越了6.5那句平淡的 "slow"。
   • GRA“a kilometre of water, total darkness, and pressure that would crush most machines sit between us and it” — A triple-noun subject governing a single verb, more ambitious than 6.5's looser listing.一个由三个名词构成、共用一个动词的主语,比6.5那种更松散的罗列更有野心。

   7.5 分

   The image "the seabed had no flag to plant" makes the funding argument concrete, going beyond 7.0's abstract version of the same point."the seabed had no flag to plant" 这个意象把资金论证具体化了,超越了7.0那种更抽象的版本。

   Because they're hostile in every way that matters. A fisherman at Thọ Quang once told me that nobody had ever seen the seabed under where he fishes, and he's right; a kilometre of water, total darkness, and pressure that would crush most machines sit between us and it. Space is at least transparent — we can look at it from here on Earth. The deep ocean has to be visited, slowly, in expensive vessels, and you can see only a few metres at a time. Radio doesn't travel through water, so mapping and communication are slow. There's also been far less money, since nations funded rockets for prestige and military reasons, and the seabed had no flag to plant. We have better maps of Mars than of the floor of our own planet, which is both absurd and understandable.

   查看中文翻译

   是因为它们在所有重要的方面都不友好。土权市场的一个渔民曾经告诉我,他打鱼的地方下面从来没有人见过海床,他是对的;一公里深的水、彻底的黑暗,还有能压垮大多数机器的压力,把我们和它隔开。太空至少是透明的——我们能从地球上这里看见它。深海则必须去探访,慢慢地,乘坐昂贵的潜水器,而且一次只能看到几米远。无线电信号无法在水中传播,所以绘图和通讯都很慢。投入的资金也少得多,因为各国为了国家威望和军事原因资助火箭,而海床没有可以插旗的地方。我们对火星地表的了解,比对自己星球海底的了解还要多,这既荒谬又可以理解。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“the seabed had no flag to plant” — A vivid, concrete image capturing the political-funding argument, more developed than 7.0's abstract "not the seabed."一个生动、具体的意象,捕捉到了政治资金这个论点,比7.0那种抽象的 "not the seabed" 更展开。
   • LR“We have better maps of Mars than of the floor of our own planet, which is both absurd and understandable.” — A striking closing paradox, beyond 7.0's plainer explanatory ending.一个引人注目的收尾悖论,超越了7.0那种更平淡的解释性结尾。
   • GRA“There's also been far less money, since nations funded rockets for prestige and military reasons, and the seabed had no flag to plant.” — A sentence stacking two reasons with a final concrete image, more layered than 7.0's single-reason version.一个叠加两个理由、最后加上一个具体意象的句子,比7.0单一理由的版本更有层次。

7. 7. Should all children have swimming lessons at school?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The plain concluding contrast about cost lacks the concrete workaround 7.5 adds before reaching the same conclusion.结尾关于成本的平淡对比句,缺少7.5在得出同样结论之前新增的那个具体变通方案。

   Yes, and in my country it is really about survival, not sport. Every summer, the news in Hue reports children who drowned in rivers or canals, and my mother taught me to swim in the Perfume River because the school never did. Swimming here is a survival skill, in a country with so much water, and if we leave it to families, children whose parents cannot swim never learn either. School lessons can reach everyone, including children whose families have no time or money. Swimming is also great exercise, and one of the few sports people can do into old age. The problem is that pools and teachers cost money, but it is cheaper than the alternative.

   查看中文翻译

   是的,在我们国家,这其实关乎生存,而不是运动。顺化每年夏天的新闻都会报道有孩子在河里或水渠里溺水,而我妈妈教我游泳是在香江里,因为学校从来没教过。在我们这个到处是水的国家,游泳是一项生存技能,如果把它留给家庭去教,那些父母不会游泳的孩子也永远学不会。学校课程能覆盖所有人,包括那些家里没时间也没钱的孩子。游泳也是很好的运动,是少数几项可以一直做到老年的运动之一。问题在于泳池和教练都要花钱,但这比不学的代价要便宜。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The problem is that pools and teachers cost money, but it is cheaper than the alternative.” — A plain concluding contrast. Compare 7.5's version, which adds the concrete solution "some schools make do with rivers and lakes under supervision instead" before reaching the same conclusion.一个平淡的收尾对比。对比7.5的版本,新增了具体的解决方案 "some schools make do with rivers and lakes under supervision instead",然后才得出同样的结论。
   • LR“a survival skill, in a country with so much water” — Plain phrasing. Contrast 7.5's more compact and evocative "a survival skill in a land of water."平淡的措辞。对比7.5更紧凑、更有意境的 "a survival skill in a land of water"。
   • GRA“The problem is that pools and teachers cost money, but it is cheaper than the alternative.” — A single "but" clause, less layered than 7.5's semicolon-joined addition about rivers and lakes.一个单一的 "but" 从句,不如7.5用分号连接、加入关于河流和湖泊的新增内容那样有层次。

   7.0 分

   The dash-framed aside about cost gives natural spoken emphasis, more fluent than 6.5's flatter "The problem is that."用破折号引出的关于成本的插入语,带来一种自然的口语式强调,比6.5那句更平淡的 "The problem is that" 更流畅。

   Yes, and in my country it's really a matter of survival rather than sport, honestly. Every summer the news in Hue carries stories of children drowned in rivers and canals, and my mother taught me to swim in the Perfume River because the school never would — swimming here is a survival skill in a land of water, and leaving it to families means the children of parents who can't swim never learn either. School lessons reach everyone, including those whose families have no time or money. Swimming is also excellent exercise and one of the few sports people keep doing into old age. The obstacle is cost — pools and teachers are expensive — but it's cheaper than the alternative.

   查看中文翻译

   是的,老实说,在我们国家,这其实是关乎生存而非运动的事。顺化每年夏天的新闻都会报道有孩子在河里和水渠里溺水,而我妈妈教我游泳是在香江里,因为学校从来不肯教——在我们这个到处是水的地方,游泳是一项生存技能,把它留给家庭去教,就意味着那些父母不会游泳的孩子也学不会。学校课程能覆盖所有人,包括那些家里没时间也没钱的孩子。游泳也是很好的运动,是少数几项人们能一直坚持到老年的运动之一。障碍在于成本——泳池和教练都很贵——但这比不学的代价要便宜。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The obstacle is cost — pools and teachers are expensive — but it's cheaper than the alternative.” — The dash-framed aside gives a natural spoken emphasis, more fluent than 6.5's flatter "The problem is that."用破折号引出的插入语带来一种自然的口语式强调,比6.5那句更平淡的 "The problem is that" 更流畅。
   • LR“a survival skill in a land of water” — A more compact, evocative phrase than 6.5's looser "a survival skill, in a country with so much water."一个比6.5那种更松散的 "a survival skill, in a country with so much water" 更紧凑、更有意境的短语。
   • GRA“leaving it to families means the children of parents who can't swim never learn either” — A compact embedded clause, simpler than 7.5's version, which adds "simply" for emphasis and a further sentence about alternatives.一个紧凑的嵌入分句,比7.5加入 "simply" 来强调、并追加一句讲变通方案的版本要简单。

   7.5 分

   The added concrete solution about rivers and lakes goes beyond the flatter conclusions at the lower bands.新增的关于河流和湖泊的具体解决方案,超越了低分段更平淡的结论。

   Yes, and in my country it's a matter of life rather than sport. Every summer the news in Hue carries children drowned in rivers and canals, and my mother taught me to swim in the Perfume River because the school never would — swimming here is a survival skill in a land of water, and leaving it to families means the children of parents who can't swim simply never learn. School lessons reach everyone, including those whose families have no time or money to teach them privately. Swimming is also excellent exercise and one of the few sports people carry into old age. The obstacles are pools and teachers, which are genuinely expensive; some schools make do with rivers and lakes under supervision instead. It's a real cost, and it's still cheaper than the alternative.

   查看中文翻译

   是的,在我们国家,这是关乎生命而非运动的事。顺化每年夏天的新闻都会报道有孩子在河里和水渠里溺亡,而我妈妈教我游泳是在香江里,因为学校从来不肯教——在我们这个到处是水的地方,游泳是一项生存技能,把它留给家庭去教,就意味着那些父母不会游泳的孩子干脆学不会。学校课程能覆盖所有人,包括那些家里没时间也没钱请私教的孩子。游泳也是很好的运动,是人们能一直坚持到老年的少数几项运动之一。障碍在于泳池和教练,它们确实很贵;有些学校干脆在有人监督的情况下改用河流和湖泊来代替。这是一笔真实的开销,但依然比不学的代价要便宜。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“some schools make do with rivers and lakes under supervision instead” — An added concrete solution before the closing judgement, going beyond the flatter conclusions at 6.5 and 7.0.在结尾判断之前新增的具体解决方案,超越了6.5和7.0更平淡的结论。
   • LR“whose families have no time or money to teach them privately” — A more precise, expanded phrase than 7.0's plainer "no time or money."一个比7.0平淡的 "no time or money" 更精确、更展开的短语。
   • GRA“The obstacles are pools and teachers, which are genuinely expensive; some schools make do with rivers and lakes under supervision instead.” — A semicolon joining a claim to its practical workaround, more controlled than 7.0's dash-framed aside.用分号把一个断言和它的实际变通方案连接起来,比7.0用破折号引出的插入语更有控制力。

8. 8. What kinds of jobs are associated with rivers?

   2026年5–8月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The plain closing observation lacks the extra layer 7.5 adds about what the remaining jobs actually involve.结尾平淡的观察,缺少7.5为剩下那些工作实际内容所加的那一层内容。

   A walk along the river at dawn shows most of the jobs. There are fishermen with nets in the shallows, families who own and drive the tourist boats, and singers who perform on the boats at night. There is also a sand-dredging crew, legal in some places and not others, and ferry pilots on the smaller crossings. Out of sight are the engineers who manage the dam upstream and the flood-warning system, plus farmers who use the river's water for their fields. In the past, rivers were the main roads, so boatbuilders and traders lived on them too. Today, fewer people work on the river than a century ago.

   查看中文翻译

   黎明时分沿着江边走一走,就能看到大部分与此相关的工作。有在浅水区撒网的渔民,有自己拥有并驾驶观光船的家庭,还有夜里在船上表演的歌手。还有一个挖沙的队伍,在有些地方合法,有些地方不合法,以及在较小渡口工作的船夫。看不见的地方,还有管理上游大坝和防洪预警系统的工程师,以及靠河水灌溉农田的农民。过去,河流是主要的道路,所以造船工和商人也曾住在河边。如今,在河上工作的人比一个世纪前少多了。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Today, fewer people work on the river than a century ago.” — A plain closing observation. Compare 7.5's version, which adds the extra layer "and most of the remaining jobs are about looking at it rather than crossing it."一个平淡的收尾观察。对比7.5的版本,新增了一层内容 "and most of the remaining jobs are about looking at it rather than crossing it"。
   • LR“a sand-dredging crew, legal in some places and not others” — Plain, functional phrasing. Contrast 7.5's identical wording but embedded in a longer semicolon-chained list with more items, including "water-treatment workers."平淡、功能性的措辞。对比7.5几乎相同的用词,但嵌在一个用分号串联、包含更多项目的更长清单里,当中还包括 "water-treatment workers"。
   • GRA“There are fishermen with nets in the shallows, families who own and drive the tourist boats, and singers who perform on the boats at night.” — A comma-separated list within one sentence, less structurally distinctive than 7.5's semicolon-separated list, which reads as a series of separate, punchier fragments.一个句子内用逗号分隔的清单,结构上不如7.5用分号分隔、读起来像一连串独立而更有力的短句的清单那样醒目。

   7.0 分

   The inserted hedge "I'd say" softens the closing generalisation naturally, more fluent than 6.5's flat, unhedged version.插入的让步语 "I'd say" 自然地软化了结尾的概括,比6.5那种平淡、不加让步的版本更流畅。

   A walk along the river at dawn covers most of them, honestly. Fishermen with nets in the shallows; the families who own and pilot the tourist boats; the singers who perform on them at night; a sand-dredging crew, legal in some places and not in others; the ferry pilots on the smaller crossings; the people who run the riverside cafés and sell lanterns. Out of sight, there are the engineers who manage the dam upstream and the flood-warning system, plus the farmers who irrigate the fields the river feeds. Historically, rivers were the main roads, so boatbuilders and traders lived on them. Fewer people work on the river than a century ago, I'd say, and most remaining jobs are about looking at it rather than crossing it.

   查看中文翻译

   黎明时分沿着江边走一走,老实说,就能看到大部分这些工作。在浅水区撒网的渔民;自己拥有并驾驶观光船的家庭;夜里在船上表演的歌手;一个挖沙队伍,在有些地方合法,有些地方不合法;在较小渡口工作的船夫;经营江边咖啡馆、卖灯笼的人。看不见的地方,有管理上游大坝和防洪预警系统的工程师,还有为河水灌溉的农田服务的农民。从历史上看,河流曾是主要道路,所以造船工和商人也曾住在河边。我会说,如今在河上工作的人比一个世纪前少了,大多数剩下的工作都是关于欣赏这条河,而不是穿越它。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Fewer people work on the river than a century ago, I'd say, and most remaining jobs are about looking at it rather than crossing it.” — The inserted hedge "I'd say" softens the generalisation naturally, more fluent than 6.5's flat, unhedged version.插入的让步语 "I'd say" 自然地软化了这个概括,比6.5那种平淡、不加让步的版本更流畅。
   • LR“the people who run the riverside cafés and sell lanterns” — A plain but concrete phrase, similar to 7.5, though without the added "water-treatment workers" category that widens the list further.一个平淡但具体的短语,和7.5类似,但没有那个进一步拓宽清单的 "water-treatment workers" 类别。
   • GRA“Fishermen with nets in the shallows; the families who own and pilot the tourist boats; the singers who perform on them at night” — A semicolon-separated list of fragments, more stylistically ambitious than 6.5's single comma-joined sentence.一个用分号分隔的短句清单,比6.5用逗号连接的单一句子在文体上更有野心。

   7.5 分

   The closing antithesis "looking at it rather than crossing it" gives the final judgement more edge than the plainer versions at the lower bands.结尾的对偶句 "looking at it rather than crossing it" 让最后的判断比低分段更平淡的版本更有锋芒。

   A walk along the river at dawn covers most of them. Fishermen with nets in the shallows; the families who own and pilot the tourist boats; the singers who perform on them at night; a sand-dredging crew, legal in some places and not in others; the ferry pilots on the smaller crossings; the people who run the riverside cafés and sell lanterns. Out of sight there are the engineers who manage the dam upstream and the flood-warning system, water-treatment workers, and the farmers who irrigate the fields the river feeds. Historically, rivers were the main roads, so boatbuilders, traders and porters lived on them. Fewer people work on the river than a century ago, and most of the remaining jobs are about looking at it rather than crossing it.

   查看中文翻译

   黎明时分沿着江边走一走,就能看到大部分这些工作。在浅水区撒网的渔民;自己拥有并驾驶观光船的家庭;夜里在船上表演的歌手;一个挖沙队伍,在有些地方合法,有些地方不合法;在较小渡口工作的船夫;经营江边咖啡馆、卖灯笼的人。看不见的地方,有管理上游大坝和防洪预警系统的工程师、水处理工人,以及为河水灌溉的农田服务的农民。从历史上看,河流曾是主要道路,所以造船工、商人和搬运工都曾住在河边。如今在河上工作的人比一个世纪前少了,而大多数剩下的工作都是关于欣赏这条河,而不是穿越它。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“most of the remaining jobs are about looking at it rather than crossing it” — The closing antithesis (looking/crossing) gives the final judgement more edge than 7.0's plainer, less pointed version of the same idea.结尾的对偶(看/穿越),让最后的判断比7.0那种更平淡、不那么犀利的同一想法版本更有锋芒。
   • LR“water-treatment workers” — An additional, more technical category widening the list beyond 7.0's simpler roster of jobs.一个额外、更专业的类别,拓宽了清单,超越了7.0那种更简单的工作名录。
   • GRA“Fishermen with nets in the shallows; the families who own and pilot the tourist boats; the singers who perform on them at night; a sand-dredging crew, legal in some places and not in others; the ferry pilots on the smaller crossings; the people who run the riverside cafés and sell lanterns.” — An extended semicolon-separated list of six fragments, the longest and most controlled list of the three bands.一个用分号分隔、包含六个短句的扩展清单,是三个分段里最长、也最有控制力的清单。