A Law to Help the Environment Which You Think Your Country Should Have

Part 3 追问

这些是考官在该题卡之后提出的讨论题，已编写范文的题目附有参考答案。

1. 1. What kinds of rules do most schools have?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer lists rule types one after another with 'then' and 'also', using one plain personal example (the Hue school) and ending with a direct, simply worded reflection.6.5分范文用“then”和“also”依次列举各种规定类型,使用一个平实的个人例子(顺化的学校),并以一个直接、措辞简单的反思结尾。

   Mostly rules about appearance and behaviour, I think. At my secondary school in Hue, there were strict rules about hair length for boys, a uniform checked every Monday, and we had to stand up when a teacher walked in. Then there were practical rules too, like no phones in class and homework deadlines. Most schools also have rules about respect, like how you speak to teachers, and these are really the ones that matter. Looking back, a lot of the rules were about control rather than learning, and the hair rule is a good example of that.

   查看中文翻译

   我想,大多是关于外表和行为的规定。在我顺化的中学里,有严格的男生发型长度规定,每周一都要检查校服,而且老师走进教室时我们必须起立。然后还有一些实用性的规定,比如课堂上不许用手机,还有作业截止日期。大多数学校也有关于尊重的规定,比如怎么和老师说话,而这些才是真正重要的。回过头来看,很多规定其实更多是关于控制,而不是关于学习,发型的那条规定就是一个很好的例子。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Looking back, a lot of the rules were about control rather than learning” — A plain reflective phrase ('Looking back') introducing the final point. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely open this reflection with a slightly more natural phrase such as 'What strikes me now is', giving the closing thought a more considered feel.一个平实的反思性短语(“Looking back”)引出最后一点。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会用一个略显自然的短语来开启这段反思,比如“What strikes me now is”,让结尾的想法显得更经过深思熟虑。
   • LR“we had to stand up when a teacher walked in” — A plain, literal description of the action. A higher band would likely use a more vivid verb, such as students who 'rose the instant' a teacher walked in, which conveys more immediacy.一个平实、字面化的动作描述。更高分段很可能会使用一个更生动的动词,比如学生“rose the instant”老师走进来,这传达出更强的即时感。
   • GRA“Then there were practical rules too, like no phones in class and homework deadlines” — A short main clause followed by a list tagged on with 'like', safe and clear. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use a colon to introduce the list instead, for a more compact structure.一个简短的主句,后面跟着用“like”附加的列表,安全且清晰。7.5分范文更可能会改用冒号来引出这份列表,以获得更紧凑的结构。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer uses a colon to introduce the list of practical rules and opens the closing reflection with 'What strikes me now is', a more natural phrase than the plainer 'Looking back' a 6.5 answer uses for the same move.7.0分范文用冒号引出实用性规定的列表,并用“What strikes me now is”开启结尾的反思,比6.5分范文用于同一手法的更平淡的“Looking back”更自然。

   Mostly rules about appearance and behaviour. At my secondary school in Hue there were strict limits on hair length for boys, a uniform inspected every Monday, and you stood up whenever a teacher walked in. Then the practical ones: no phones in class, no leaving the grounds at lunch, homework deadlines. Most schools also have rules around respect — how you address teachers, not fighting, not cheating — which are really the ones that matter. What strikes me now is how many rules were about control rather than learning; the hair-length rule taught me nothing except that adults like tidy lines.

   查看中文翻译

   大多是关于外表和行为的规定。在我顺化的中学里,有对男生发型长度的严格限制,每周一都要检查校服,而且老师一走进教室,你就必须起立。然后是那些实用性的规定:课堂上不许用手机,午餐时间不许离开校园,还有作业截止日期。大多数学校也有关于尊重的规定——怎么称呼老师、不许打架、不许作弊——而这些才是真正重要的。现在让我印象深刻的是,有多少规定其实是关于控制,而不是关于学习;那条发型规定除了让我明白大人喜欢整齐划一之外,什么也没教会我。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“What strikes me now is how many rules were about control rather than learning” — The phrase 'What strikes me now is' frames the closing reflection more naturally than the plainer 'Looking back' a 6.5 answer uses to introduce the same idea, giving it more of a considered, spoken quality.短语“What strikes me now is”,比6.5分范文用来引出同一想法的更平淡的“Looking back”,更自然地框定了结尾的反思,让它更具经过深思熟虑的口语质感。
   • LR“you stood up whenever a teacher walked in” — The connector 'whenever' is a slightly more natural, idiomatic choice than the plain 'when' a 6.5 answer uses in the same spot, though the underlying vocabulary remains fairly ordinary.连接词“whenever”,比6.5分范文在同一位置使用的平淡的“when”稍微更自然、更地道一些,不过底层词汇依然相当普通。
   • GRA“Then the practical ones: no phones in class, no leaving the grounds at lunch, homework deadlines” — A colon introduces a compact list without repeating a verb for each item, a more economical structure than the 'like...and...' list the 6.5 answer uses for the same information.冒号引出了一个紧凑的列表,不需要为每个项目重复动词,比6.5分范文用于同一信息的“like...and...”列表更为经济。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the vivid verb 'rose the instant' and the evaluative adverb 'tellingly', closing with the extended, slightly wry reflection about adults being 'fond of tidy lines' rather than a short final sentence.7.5分范文使用了生动的动词“rose the instant”和评价性副词“tellingly”,并以关于大人“喜欢整齐划一”的延伸、略带诙谐意味的反思收尾,而不是一句简短的结尾句。

   Mostly rules about appearance and conduct. At my secondary school in Hue there were strict limits on hair length for boys, a uniform inspected every Monday, and you rose the instant a teacher walked in. Then came the practical layer: no phones in class, no leaving the grounds at lunch, homework deadlines that didn't budge. Most schools also carry rules around respect — how you address teachers, not fighting, not cheating — and those, tellingly, are the ones that actually matter. What strikes me now is how many rules were about control rather than learning; the hair-length rule taught me nothing beyond the fact that adults are fond of tidy lines, and I suspect plenty of schools still keep a few like it.

   查看中文翻译

   大多是关于外表和举止的规定。在我顺化的中学里,有对男生发型长度的严格限制,每周一都要检查校服,而且老师一走进教室,你就得立刻起立。然后是那一层实用性的规定:课堂上不许用手机,午餐时间不许离开校园,作业截止日期是雷打不动的。大多数学校也带着一些关于尊重的规定——怎么称呼老师、不许打架、不许作弊——而这些,颇能说明问题地,才是真正重要的规定。现在让我印象深刻的是,有多少规定其实是关于控制,而不是关于学习;那条发型规定除了让我明白大人偏爱整齐划一之外,什么也没教会我,而且我怀疑,不少学校至今还保留着类似的规定。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“and those, tellingly, are the ones that actually matter” — The inserted adverb 'tellingly' signals the speaker's own judgement mid-sentence, a more developed piece of commentary than the plainer 'which are really the ones that matter' the lower bands use for the same point.插入的副词“tellingly”,在句中传递出说话者自己的判断,比低分段用于同一观点的更平淡的“which are really the ones that matter”是更成熟的评论。
   • LR“you rose the instant a teacher walked in” — The phrase 'rose the instant' is more vivid and precise than the plain 'stood up when' the lower bands use, conveying a sharper sense of immediacy.短语“rose the instant”,比低分段使用的平淡的“stood up when”更生动、更精确,传达出更强烈的即时感。
   • GRA“the hair-length rule taught me nothing beyond the fact that adults are fond of tidy lines, and I suspect plenty of schools still keep a few like it” — The closing reflection is extended with a second clause speculating about other schools, a more developed final sentence than the shorter, single-clause reflections the lower bands end on.结尾的反思用一个推测其他学校情况的第二从句加以延伸,比低分段以更简短、单一从句的反思结尾更为成熟的最终句子。

2. 2. Why are rules important for schoolchildren?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer opens with a direct reason ('because children genuinely can't learn well in chaos') and one plain classroom anecdote, using 'and' and 'because' to connect ideas simply throughout.6.5分范文以一个直接的理由(“因为孩子确实无法在混乱中好好学习”)开篇,配上一个平实的课堂轶事,全篇用“and”和“because”简单地连接各个想法。

   Because children genuinely can't learn well in chaos, and I saw this happen once. In year eight we had a substitute teacher for a week who didn't enforce any rules, and by Wednesday the class was impossible to teach — not because we were bad kids, but because nobody knew the limits. Rules make the environment predictable, which is calming, and they protect quieter children from louder ones. They also teach children something useful for adult life: that you can dislike a rule and still follow it. The key thing is that rules need to be explained, not just given.

   查看中文翻译

   因为孩子确实无法在混乱中好好学习,而我曾亲眼见过这种情况。八年级的时候,我们有一位代课老师代了一个星期的课,她不执行任何规定,到了星期三,这个班就已经没法教了——不是因为我们是坏孩子,而是因为没有人知道界限在哪里。规定让环境变得可预测,这能让人安心,也能保护性格安静的孩子不受吵闹孩子的影响。规定还教会了孩子一些对成年生活有用的东西:你可以不喜欢一条规定,但依然遵守它。关键在于,规定需要被解释清楚,而不只是被强加下来。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The key thing is that rules need to be explained, not just given.” — A plain closing sentence stating the main takeaway directly. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely extend this into a reason why explained rules work better, rather than stopping at the bare claim.一个平实的结尾句,直接陈述主要收获。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会把它延伸成一个“为什么解释清楚的规定效果更好”的理由,而不是止步于一个光秃秃的论断。
   • LR“by Wednesday the class was impossible to teach” — A plain adjective phrase ('impossible to teach'). A higher band would likely use the more precise, slightly less common adjective 'unteachable', which names the same state more economically.一个平实的形容词短语(“impossible to teach”)。更高分段很可能会使用更精确、略微少见的形容词“unteachable”,更经济地命名了同一种状态。
   • GRA“In year eight we had a substitute teacher for a week who didn't enforce any rules, and by Wednesday the class was impossible to teach” — Two clauses joined with 'and', a plain coordinated structure. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use 'lasted barely a week before' to compress the timing and consequence into one tighter clause.两个用“and”连接的分句,一种平实的并列结构。7.5分范文更可能会使用“lasted barely a week before”,把时间和结果压缩进一个更紧凑的从句中。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer upgrades 'impossible to teach' to the more precise 'unteachable' and extends the closing point with a since-clause explaining why explanation matters, rather than the bare claim a 6.5 answer gives.7.0分范文把“impossible to teach”升级为更精确的“unteachable”,并用一个“since”从句解释为什么解释清楚很重要,来延伸结尾观点,而不是像6.5分范文那样给出一个光秃秃的论断。

   Because children genuinely can't learn in chaos, and I saw the alternative once. In year eight we had a substitute teacher for a week who enforced nothing, and by Wednesday the class was unteachable — not because we were bad kids, but because nobody knew where the edges were. Rules give children a predictable environment, which is calming, and they protect the quieter kids from the louder ones. They also teach something adult life demands constantly: that you can dislike a rule and still follow it. The important thing is that rules are explained, since children accept limits they understand far more easily than ones that seem arbitrary.

   查看中文翻译

   因为孩子确实无法在混乱中学习,而我曾亲眼见过反面的例子。八年级的时候,我们有一位代课老师代了一个星期的课,她什么都不执行,到了星期三,这个班就已经没法教了——不是因为我们是坏孩子,而是因为没有人知道边界在哪里。规定给了孩子一个可预测的环境,这能让人安心,也能保护性格安静的孩子不受吵闹孩子的影响。规定还教会了孩子一些成年生活会不断要求的东西:你可以不喜欢一条规定,但依然遵守它。重要的是,规定需要被解释清楚,因为孩子接受自己能理解的界限,要比接受那些看起来莫名其妙的界限容易得多。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The important thing is that rules are explained, since children accept limits they understand far more easily than ones that seem arbitrary.” — The closing point is extended with a since-clause giving the reason, more developed than the bare claim ('rules need to be explained, not just given') the 6.5 answer ends on.结尾观点用一个给出理由的“since”从句加以延伸,比6.5分范文结尾的光秃秃论断(“rules need to be explained, not just given”)更为成熟。
   • LR“by Wednesday the class was unteachable” — The adjective 'unteachable' is a more precise, economical choice than the plain phrase 'impossible to teach' a 6.5 answer uses for the same state.形容词“unteachable”,比6.5分范文用于同一状态的平实短语“impossible to teach”更精确、更经济。
   • GRA“not because we were bad kids, but because nobody knew where the edges were” — A 'not X but Y' contrastive structure organises the explanation more deliberately than the simpler coordinated clauses a 6.5 answer uses for the same idea.一个“not X but Y”的对比结构,比6.5分范文用于同一想法的更简单的并列从句,更用心地组织了这段解释。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer compresses the classroom anecdote into 'lasted barely a week before the class became unteachable' and closes with the extended contrast 'explained rather than simply imposed', ending on the escalating 'or, worse, pointless'.7.5分范文把课堂轶事压缩成“lasted barely a week before the class became unteachable”,并以延伸的对比“explained rather than simply imposed”收尾,最后以层层递进的“or, worse, pointless”结束。

   Because children genuinely can't learn amid chaos, and I watched the alternative unfold once. In year eight, a substitute teacher who enforced nothing lasted barely a week before the class became unteachable — not because we were bad kids, but because nobody knew where the edges were anymore. Rules hand children a predictable environment, which is calming in itself, and they shield quieter children from louder ones. They also teach something adult life demands constantly: that you can dislike a rule and still follow it. What matters is that rules get explained rather than simply imposed, since children accept limits they understand far more readily than ones that seem arbitrary or, worse, pointless.

   查看中文翻译

   因为孩子确实无法在混乱中学习,而我曾亲眼看着反面的例子上演过一次。八年级的时候,一位什么都不执行的代课老师,还没撑到一个星期,这个班就已经没法教了——不是因为我们是坏孩子,而是因为没有人再知道边界在哪里了。规定给了孩子一个可预测的环境,这本身就能让人安心,也能护着性格安静的孩子不受吵闹孩子的影响。规定还教会了孩子一些成年生活会不断要求的东西:你可以不喜欢一条规定,但依然遵守它。重要的是,规定要被解释清楚,而不是被简单地强加下来,因为孩子接受自己能理解的界限,要比接受那些看起来莫名其妙、甚至更糟——毫无意义的界限容易得多。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“What matters is that rules get explained rather than simply imposed, since children accept limits they understand far more readily than ones that seem arbitrary or, worse, pointless.” — The closing point escalates with 'or, worse, pointless', a small rhetorical flourish that neither of the plainer bands attempts, giving the final sentence a sharper edge.结尾观点用“or, worse, pointless”层层递进,这是两个更平淡的分段都未曾尝试过的小修辞点缀,让最后一句更为犀利。
   • LR“Rules hand children a predictable environment, which is calming in itself” — The verb 'hand' is a more vivid, natural choice than the plain 'give' the lower bands use for the same idea about rules providing structure.动词“hand”,比低分段用于同一想法(规定提供结构)的平淡的“give”更生动、更自然。
   • GRA“a substitute teacher who enforced nothing lasted barely a week before the class became unteachable” — The relative clause and 'lasted barely a week before' compress the anecdote into one tighter sentence, more economical than the 'we had a substitute teacher for a week who...and by Wednesday' structure the lower bands use for the same event.关系从句加上“lasted barely a week before”,把这段轶事压缩进一个更紧凑的句子里,比低分段用于同一事件的“we had a substitute teacher for a week who...and by Wednesday”结构更为经济。

3. 3. How can teachers and parents help their children follow rules?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer states its main point directly and gives one plain personal anecdote about the mother's trick, using 'but' and 'also' to link the supporting ideas.6.5分范文直接陈述其主要观点,并给出一个关于妈妈那个小技巧的平实个人轶事,用“but”和“also”来连接各个支持性观点。

   Mainly by following the rules themselves, which sounds obvious but isn't always true. A parent who tells a child to put the phone away at dinner while checking their own messages has already lost the argument. Consistency matters more than strictness — a rule that's enforced every day is easy to follow, but one enforced randomly feels unfair. My mother had a good trick: before I could argue with a rule, I had to write down what I thought the reason for it was, and about half the time I ended up agreeing with her. Teachers and parents should also let children have some say in the rules where possible.

   查看中文翻译

   主要是靠自己以身作则遵守规定,这听起来是显而易见的道理,但并不总是能做到。一个要求孩子晚餐时把手机放一边、自己却在查看消息的父母,其实已经输掉了这场“争论”。一致性比严格更重要——一条每天都被执行的规定容易遵守,但一条随意执行的规定会让人觉得不公平。我妈妈有一个很好的办法:在我能对某条规定提出异议之前,我必须先写下我认为这条规定存在的理由是什么,而大约有一半的时候,我最后反倒同意了她的看法。老师和家长也应该在可能的情况下,让孩子对规定拥有一定的发言权。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“which sounds obvious but isn't always true” — A plain, direct way of framing the opening claim. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely use the punchier 'which sounds obvious and isn't', dropping the extra words for a tighter, more natural rhythm.一种平实、直接的方式来框定开篇论断。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会使用更有力的“which sounds obvious and isn't”,去掉多余的词汇,获得更紧凑、更自然的节奏。
   • LR“one enforced randomly feels unfair” — A plain, general adjective ('unfair'). A higher band would likely use the more vivid idiom 'feels like a trap', which conveys the child's experience more concretely than the abstract 'unfair'.一个平实、笼统的形容词(“unfair”)。更高分段很可能会使用更生动的习语“feels like a trap”,比抽象的“unfair”更具体地传达出孩子的感受。
   • GRA“a rule that's enforced every day is easy to follow, but one enforced randomly feels unfair” — A relative clause ('that's enforced every day') followed by a contrast with 'but', clear but standard. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use a semicolon to fuse the two contrasting halves into one tighter sentence.一个关系从句(“that's enforced every day”)后面跟着一个用“but”表达的对比,清晰但标准。7.5分范文更可能会使用分号,把两个对比的部分融合进一个更紧凑的句子里。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer tightens the opening to 'which sounds obvious and isn't' and uses a semicolon plus the idiom 'feels like a trap', extending the closing point with a because-clause a 6.5 answer leaves out.7.0分范文把开篇收紧为“which sounds obvious and isn't”,并使用分号加上习语“feels like a trap”,还用一个“because”从句来延伸结尾观点,而6.5分范文没有这个从句。

   Mainly by following the rules themselves, which sounds obvious and isn't. A parent who tells a child to put the phone away at dinner while checking their own messages has already lost. Consistency matters more than strictness — a rule enforced every day is easy to follow; one enforced randomly feels like a trap. My mother had a good trick: before I was allowed to argue with a rule, I had to write down what I thought the reason for it was, and about half the time I ended up agreeing with her. Teachers and parents should also give children some say in the rules where possible, because people follow what they helped create.

   查看中文翻译

   主要是靠自己以身作则遵守规定,这听起来显而易见,但实际上并不容易做到。一个要求孩子晚餐时把手机放一边、自己却在查看消息的父母,其实已经输了。一致性比严格更重要——一条每天都被执行的规定容易遵守;而一条随意执行的规定则让人感觉像掉进了陷阱。我妈妈有一个很好的办法:在我被允许对某条规定提出异议之前,我必须先写下我认为这条规定存在的理由是什么,而大约有一半的时候,我最后反倒同意了她的看法。老师和家长也应该在可能的情况下,让孩子对规定拥有一定的发言权,因为人们会去遵守他们自己参与制定的东西。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“which sounds obvious and isn't” — The tighter phrasing drops unnecessary words compared with the fuller 'which sounds obvious but isn't always true' a 6.5 answer uses, giving the opening a punchier, more natural rhythm.更紧凑的措辞去掉了不必要的词汇,相比6.5分范文使用的更完整的“which sounds obvious but isn't always true”,让开篇的节奏更有力、更自然。
   • LR“one enforced randomly feels like a trap” — The idiom 'feels like a trap' is a more vivid, natural collocation than the plain adjective 'unfair' a 6.5 answer uses for the same idea about inconsistent rules.习语“feels like a trap”,比6.5分范文用于同一想法(不一致的规定)的平淡形容词“unfair”更生动、更自然的搭配。
   • GRA“a rule enforced every day is easy to follow; one enforced randomly feels like a trap” — A semicolon fuses the two contrasting halves into one flowing sentence, more compact than the 'but'-joined clauses a 6.5 answer uses for the same contrast.分号把两个对比的部分融合进一个流畅的句子里,比6.5分范文用于同一对比的“but”连接从句更为紧凑。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the vivid verb 'thumbing' and the idiom 'talked myself straight into agreeing', closing with the emphatic 'Consistency beats strictness every time' instead of the plainer comparative structure.7.5分范文使用了生动的动词“thumbing”和习语“talked myself straight into agreeing”,并以强调性的“Consistency beats strictness every time”收尾,而不是更平淡的比较结构。

   Mainly by following the rules themselves, which sounds obvious and somehow still isn't. A parent telling a child to put the phone away at dinner while thumbing their own messages has already lost the argument. Consistency beats strictness every time — a rule enforced daily is easy to live with; one enforced at random just feels like a trap. My mother had a neat trick: before I was allowed to argue with a rule, I had to write down what I thought its reason was, and about half the time I talked myself straight into agreeing with her. Teachers and parents should also give children some genuine say in the rules where feasible, since people tend to follow what they helped create.

   查看中文翻译

   主要是靠自己以身作则遵守规定,这听起来显而易见,但不知怎么却依然很难做到。一个要求孩子晚餐时把手机放一边、自己却在用拇指刷消息的父母,其实已经输掉了这场争论。一致性永远胜过严格——一条每天都被执行的规定容易接受;而一条随意执行的规定则只会让人感觉像掉进了陷阱。我妈妈有一个巧妙的办法:在我被允许对某条规定提出异议之前,我必须先写下我认为它的理由是什么,而大约有一半的时候,我说着说着就把自己说服去同意她的看法了。老师和家长也应该在可行的情况下,让孩子对规定拥有一些真正的发言权,因为人们往往会去遵守他们自己参与制定的东西。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“which sounds obvious and somehow still isn't” — The inserted 'somehow still' adds a small note of wry surprise to the opening claim, a more developed piece of commentary than the tighter but flatter '...and isn't' the 7.0 answer settles for.插入的“somehow still”,给开篇论断增添了一丝略带诙谐的惊讶意味,比7.0分范文使用的更紧凑但更平淡的“...and isn't”是更成熟的评论。
   • LR“A parent telling a child to put the phone away at dinner while thumbing their own messages” — The verb 'thumbing' is a more vivid, specific choice than the plain 'checking' the lower bands use, conveying the exact physical action of scrolling a phone.动词“thumbing”,比低分段使用的平淡的“checking”更生动、更具体,传达出用手指滑动手机屏幕的确切动作。
   • GRA“about half the time I talked myself straight into agreeing with her” — The phrase 'talked myself straight into agreeing' compresses the process of self-persuasion into one vivid verb phrase, more compact and figurative than the plainer 'ended up agreeing' the lower bands use for the same outcome.短语“talked myself straight into agreeing”,把自我说服的过程压缩进一个生动的动词短语中,比低分段用于同一结果的更平淡的“ended up agreeing”更紧凑、更具比喻色彩。

4. 4. What types of jobs are rules especially important in?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer opens with a direct definition and one plain example about the friend Hà, listing further job types with 'like' before a simple closing contrast about the speaker's own job.6.5分范文以一个直接的定义开篇,配上一个关于朋友玉华的平实例子,用“like”列出其他职业类型,最后以一个关于说话者自身工作的简单对比收尾。

   Any job where a mistake can hurt someone who can't protect themselves. My friend Hà, who is a paediatric nurse, follows a medication checklist she could probably recite from memory, but she still checks it every single time, because the rule exists for the one day she's tired. Jobs like aviation, surgery, construction, driving buses and handling food all depend on rules being followed even when they seem unnecessary. Finance is another example, since rules stop one person's shortcut from becoming everyone's disaster. In my own job, design, rules matter much less, because breaking them is often the whole point.

   查看中文翻译

   任何一个失误可能会伤害到无法保护自己的人的职业都是如此。我朋友玉华(Hà)是一名儿科护士,她遵循的那份用药清单,她大概已经能凭记忆背出来了,但她每一次都还是要核对一遍,因为这条规定,就是为了她某一天疲惫不堪的时候而存在的。像航空、外科手术、建筑、开公交车、处理食品这类工作,都依赖于规定被遵守,即使这些规定看起来没有必要。金融业是另一个例子,因为规定能阻止一个人的“捷径”变成所有人的灾难。而在我自己的工作——设计——中,规定就没那么重要了,因为打破规则往往正是设计的意义所在。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“In my own job, design, rules matter much less, because breaking them is often the whole point.” — A plain closing contrast introduced with 'In my own job'. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely phrase this as 'In my own line of work', giving the closing personal contrast a slightly more natural, considered feel.一个用“In my own job”引出的平实的结尾对比。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会措辞为“In my own line of work”,让这个结尾的个人对比显得更自然、更经过深思熟虑。
   • LR“she could probably recite from memory” — A plain phrase ('recite from memory'). A higher band would likely use the more vivid idiom 'recite in her sleep', which conveys the same familiarity with more colour.一个平实的短语(“recite from memory”)。更高分段很可能会使用更生动的习语“recite in her sleep”,用更丰富的色彩传达出同样的熟悉程度。
   • GRA“she still checks it every single time, because the rule exists for the one day she's tired” — A because-clause explaining the habit, plain and direct. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use 'fatigue gets the better of her' as a more vivid alternative to the plain 'she's tired'.一个解释这个习惯的“because”从句,平实而直接。7.5分范文更可能会使用“fatigue gets the better of her”,作为比平淡的“she's tired”更生动的替代说法。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer upgrades 'recite from memory' to the idiom 'recite in her sleep' and uses an em dash list for the job examples, closing with a semicolon-linked final sentence rather than a because-clause.7.0分范文把“recite from memory”升级为习语“recite in her sleep”,并使用破折号列表来列出职业例子,最后以分号连接的结尾句收尾,而不是一个“because”从句。

   Any job where a mistake hurts someone who can't protect themselves. My friend Hà, a paediatric nurse, follows a medication checklist she could recite in her sleep, and she still reads it every single time, because the rule exists for the one day she's tired. Aviation, surgery, construction, driving buses, handling food — all of these depend on rules being followed even when they seem pointless. Finance is another: rules stop one person's clever shortcut becoming everyone's disaster. In my own work, design, rules matter much less; breaking them is often the point.

   查看中文翻译

   任何一个失误会伤害到无法保护自己的人的职业都是如此。我朋友玉华是一名儿科护士,她遵循的那份用药清单,她大概能在睡梦中都背得出来,但她每一次都还是会读一遍,因为这条规定,就是为了她某一天疲惫不堪的时候而存在的。航空、外科手术、建筑、开公交车、处理食品——所有这些都依赖于规定被遵守,即使它们看起来毫无意义。金融业是另一个例子:规定能阻止一个人耍的小聪明变成所有人的灾难。而在我自己的工作——设计——中,规定就没那么重要了;打破规则往往正是意义所在。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“In my own work, design, rules matter much less; breaking them is often the point.” — A semicolon links the closing contrast to its explanation in one flowing sentence, more compact than the because-clause version a 6.5 answer uses for the same final point.分号把结尾的对比和其解释连接进一个流畅的句子里,比6.5分范文用于同一结尾观点的“because”从句版本更紧凑。
   • LR“follows a medication checklist she could recite in her sleep” — The idiom 'recite in her sleep' is a more vivid, natural collocation than the plainer 'recite from memory' a 6.5 answer uses for the same idea of deep familiarity.习语“recite in her sleep”,比6.5分范文用于同一“深度熟悉”想法的更平淡的“recite from memory”更生动、更自然的搭配。
   • GRA“Aviation, surgery, construction, driving buses, handling food — all of these depend on rules being followed even when they seem pointless” — An em dash sets off the list of job types before the main clause, a more compact structure than the 'Jobs like X, Y and Z all depend on' sentence the 6.5 answer uses for the same list.一个破折号把职业类型的列表和主句隔开,比6.5分范文用于同一列表的“Jobs like X, Y and Z all depend on”句子更紧凑。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the vivid phrase 'fatigue gets the better of her' and the compact 'rules holding' instead of 'rules being followed', closing with the fuller phrase 'the entire point of the exercise'.7.5分范文使用了生动的短语“fatigue gets the better of her”,以及用紧凑的“rules holding”取代“rules being followed”,并以更完整的短语“the entire point of the exercise”收尾。

   Any job where a single mistake harms someone who can't protect themselves. My friend Hà, a paediatric nurse, follows a medication checklist she could recite in her sleep, and still reads it every single time, because the rule exists for the one day fatigue gets the better of her. Aviation, surgery, construction, driving buses, handling food — all of it depends on rules holding even when they feel pointless in the moment. Finance is another case: rules exist precisely to stop one person's clever shortcut from becoming everyone's disaster. In my own line of work, design, rules matter far less; breaking them is often the entire point of the exercise.

   查看中文翻译

   任何一个单一失误会伤害到无法保护自己的人的职业都是如此。我朋友玉华是一名儿科护士,她遵循的那份用药清单,她大概能在睡梦中都背得出来,但她每一次都还是会读一遍,因为这条规定,就是为了她某一天疲惫压倒了她自己的时候而存在的。航空、外科手术、建筑、开公交车、处理食品——所有这些都依赖于规定即便在当下感觉毫无意义时也依然被坚守。金融业是另一个案例:规定的存在,正是为了阻止一个人耍的小聪明变成所有人的灾难。而在我自己的领域——设计——中,规定就没那么重要了;打破规则往往正是这项工作的全部意义所在。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“In my own line of work, design, rules matter far less; breaking them is often the entire point of the exercise.” — The closing phrase 'the entire point of the exercise' extends the plain 'the point' the 7.0 answer ends on, giving the final contrast a slightly more developed, self-aware finish.结尾短语“the entire point of the exercise”,延伸了7.0分范文结尾用的平淡的“the point”,让最终的对比显得更成熟、更具自省意味。
   • LR“because the rule exists for the one day fatigue gets the better of her” — The phrase 'fatigue gets the better of her' is a more vivid, idiomatic way of expressing tiredness than the plain 'she's tired' the lower bands use for the same idea.短语“fatigue gets the better of her”,是一种比低分段用于同一想法的平淡的“she's tired”更生动、更地道的疲惫表达方式。
   • GRA“Aviation, surgery, construction, driving buses, handling food — all of it depends on rules holding even when they feel pointless in the moment” — The verb 'holding' (used intransitively, meaning rules staying in force) replaces the fuller passive 'being followed' the lower bands use, a more compact and slightly more idiomatic construction.动词“holding”(不及物用法,意为规定保持有效),取代了低分段使用的更完整的被动语态“being followed”,是一个更紧凑、略微更地道的结构。

5. 5. Should there be rules about what people can wear at work?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer gives a direct hedge ('some, but only as many as needed') and one plain studio example, using 'where' clauses and 'beyond that' to organise the different cases.6.5分范文给出一个直接的缓和论断(“需要一些,但只需要必要的那么多”),配上一个平实的工作室例子,用“where”从句和“beyond that”来组织不同的情况。

   Some rules, but only as many as the job really needs. In places where clothes affect safety or hygiene, like kitchens or hospitals, rules obviously make sense. Where clothes affect how customers see a company, a light rule is fine — my studio's only rule is that you shouldn't wear anything you'd be embarrassed to wear if a client walked in, and that has worked fine for years without a written policy. Beyond that, I think dress codes are mostly about making managers feel comfortable. Forcing a designer to wear a shirt and tie doesn't make the designs any better.

   查看中文翻译

   需要一些规定,但只需要工作真正需要的那么多。在服装会影响安全或卫生的场合,比如厨房或医院,规定显然是有道理的。在服装会影响顾客对公司观感的场合,一条宽松的规定就够了——我工作室唯一的规定就是,不要穿那种如果客户突然走进来你会觉得尴尬的衣服,而这条规定多年来一直运行良好,根本不需要成文政策。除此之外,我认为着装规定大多是为了让管理者感到舒适。强迫一名设计师穿衬衫打领带,并不会让设计作品变得更好。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Beyond that, I think dress codes are mostly about making managers feel comfortable.” — A plain transition using 'Beyond that'. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely add a qualifying phrase like 'rather than anything measurable' to extend the point, rather than leaving it as a single flat claim.一个用“Beyond that”构成的平实过渡。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会加上一个限定性短语,比如“rather than anything measurable”,来延伸这一点,而不是让它停留在一个单一、平淡的论断上。
   • LR“and that has worked fine for years without a written policy” — A plain adjective ('worked fine'). A higher band would likely use the more vivid idiom 'held up for years', which suggests the rule has been tested and proven rather than simply functioning.一个平实的形容词(“worked fine”)。更高分段很可能会使用更生动的习语“held up for years”,暗示这条规定已经经过检验、被证明有效,而不只是单纯地起作用。
   • GRA“In places where clothes affect safety or hygiene, like kitchens or hospitals, rules obviously make sense” — A where-clause with an example list tagged on, clear but plain. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use an em dash to set off the examples instead of embedding them with 'like'.一个附带示例列表的“where”从句,清晰但平实。7.5分范文更可能会使用破折号来隔开这些示例,而不是用“like”把它们嵌入其中。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer uses an em dash to set off the safety examples and a semicolon to link the customer-facing rule to its studio example, ending with the more developed observation about 'the trend toward relaxed dress'.7.0分范文用破折号隔开安全相关的示例,用分号把面向顾客的规定与工作室的例子连接起来,并以关于“休闲着装趋势”的更成熟的观察结尾。

   Some, but as few as the job actually needs. Where clothes affect safety or hygiene — kitchens, hospitals, factories — of course. Where they affect how customers see the company, a light rule makes sense; my studio's only one is that you shouldn't wear anything you'd be embarrassed to wear if a client walked in, and that's worked for years without a written policy. Beyond that, I think dress codes are mostly about managers' comfort. Forcing a designer into a shirt and tie doesn't improve the designs. The trend toward relaxed dress in most offices suggests companies have worked out that people do better work when they're not being costumed.

   查看中文翻译

   需要一些,但只需要工作实际需要的那么少。在服装会影响安全或卫生的场合——厨房、医院、工厂——那当然需要。在服装会影响顾客对公司观感的场合,一条宽松的规定就说得通;我工作室唯一的规定就是,不要穿那种如果客户突然走进来你会觉得尴尬的衣服,而这条规定多年来一直运行良好,根本不需要成文政策。除此之外,我认为着装规定大多是为了管理者的舒适感。强迫一名设计师穿衬衫打领带,并不会改善设计作品。大多数办公室走向休闲着装的趋势表明,企业已经意识到,人们不被“装扮”起来时,反而能做出更好的工作成果。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“The trend toward relaxed dress in most offices suggests companies have worked out that people do better work when they're not being costumed.” — A final observational sentence extends the argument with a broader trend, something the 6.5 answer's shorter, flatter ending doesn't attempt.一个最终的观察性句子,用一个更宏观的趋势延伸了论述,而6.5分范文更短、更平淡的结尾并未尝试这一点。
   • LR“and that's worked for years without a written policy” — The phrase is slightly tightened from the 6.5 version's 'has worked fine for years', with 'that's worked' reading more naturally and economically.这个短语比6.5版本的“has worked fine for years”略微紧凑一些,“that's worked”读起来更自然、更经济。
   • GRA“Where clothes affect safety or hygiene — kitchens, hospitals, factories — of course.” — An em dash sets off the example list before an abbreviated closing phrase ('of course'), a more compact, spoken-style construction than the fuller 'rules obviously make sense' clause the 6.5 answer uses for the same idea.一个破折号把示例列表和一个简略的结尾短语(“of course”)隔开,比6.5分范文用于同一想法的更完整的“rules obviously make sense”从句更紧凑、更具口语风格。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the less common verb 'bear on' and the idiom 'held up for years', adding the qualifying phrase 'rather than anything measurable' and the adverb 'quietly' to sharpen the final observation.7.5分范文使用了较少见的动词“bear on”和习语“held up for years”,并加上限定性短语“rather than anything measurable”和副词“quietly”,让结尾的观察更加犀利。

   Some, but as few as the job genuinely needs. Where clothes bear on safety or hygiene — kitchens, hospitals, factories — of course rules apply. Where they affect how customers perceive the company, a light rule makes sense; my studio's only one is that you shouldn't wear anything you'd be embarrassed to wear if a client walked in, and it's held up for years without ever being written down. Beyond that, I suspect dress codes are mostly about managers' own comfort rather than anything measurable. Forcing a designer into a shirt and tie does nothing for the designs. The drift toward relaxed dress across most offices suggests companies have quietly worked out that people do better work when they're not being costumed.

   查看中文翻译

   需要一些,但只需要工作真正需要的那么少。在服装关乎安全或卫生的场合——厨房、医院、工厂——规定当然适用。在服装会影响顾客对公司观感的场合,一条宽松的规定就说得通;我工作室唯一的规定就是,不要穿那种如果客户突然走进来你会觉得尴尬的衣服,而这条规定多年来一直经受住了考验,甚至从未被写成文字。除此之外,我怀疑着装规定大多是为了管理者自己的舒适感,而不是为了任何可衡量的东西。强迫一名设计师穿衬衫打领带,对设计作品毫无帮助。大多数办公室走向休闲着装的这股潮流表明,企业已经悄悄意识到,人们不被“装扮”起来时,反而能做出更好的工作成果。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Beyond that, I suspect dress codes are mostly about managers' own comfort rather than anything measurable.” — The added phrase 'rather than anything measurable' extends the claim a step further than the flat statement the 6.5 answer offers, giving the point more precision about what it's ruling out.增加的短语“rather than anything measurable”,比6.5分范文给出的平淡陈述更进一步地延伸了这个论断,让这一点在“排除了什么”上更为精确。
   • LR“Where clothes bear on safety or hygiene” — The verb 'bear on' (meaning 'relate to' or 'affect') is a less common, more formal choice than the plain 'affect' the lower bands use in the same spot.动词“bear on”(意为“与...相关”或“影响到”),是一个比低分段在同一位置使用的平淡的“affect”更少见、更正式的选择。
   • GRA“and it's held up for years without ever being written down” — The passive 'without ever being written down' replaces the plainer 'without a written policy' the lower bands use, a slightly more flexible construction that keeps the focus on the action rather than the document.被动结构“without ever being written down”,取代了低分段使用的更平淡的“without a written policy”,是一个略微更灵活的结构,把焦点放在动作本身,而不是文件上。

6. 6. Should employees be involved in making company rules?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer gives a direct reason and one plain studio example ('no meetings on Fridays'), using 'though' and 'but' to add the two qualifying points at the end.6.5分范文给出一个直接的理由,配上一个平实的工作室例子(“no meetings on Fridays”),用“though”和“but”在结尾加上两个限定性观点。

   Yes, mainly because rules that people help write actually get followed. The most respected rule at my studio is 'no meetings on Fridays', and it came from a staff survey instead of the boss — nobody breaks it because everyone feels it's theirs. Employees also know things managers don't, like which process is actually slowing the work down. Involvement doesn't mean voting on everything, though — some rules, about safety or the law, aren't up for discussion. But asking staff and explaining the final decision costs almost nothing, and it stops a lot of quiet rule-breaking.

   查看中文翻译

   是的,主要是因为人们帮忙制定出来的规定,才会真正被遵守。我工作室里最受尊重的一条规定是“周五不开会”,而这条规定来自一次员工调查,而不是老板的决定——没人会去违反它,因为每个人都觉得这是“自己的”规定。员工还知道一些管理者不知道的事情,比如哪个流程其实正在拖慢工作进度。不过,参与并不意味着什么事情都要投票表决——有些规定,比如涉及安全或法律的,是没有讨论余地的。但征询员工意见、并解释最终决定的理由,几乎不需要任何成本,却能阻止大量悄悄发生的违规行为。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“But asking staff and explaining the final decision costs almost nothing, and it stops a lot of quiet rule-breaking.” — A plain closing sentence joining two ideas with 'and'. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely extend the list of actions (asking, explaining, revisiting) into a three-part structure rather than the two-part version here.一个用“and”连接两个想法的平实结尾句。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会把这份行动列表(询问、解释、重新审视)扩展成一个三部分的结构,而不是这里的两部分版本。
   • LR“it stops a lot of quiet rule-breaking” — A plain quantifier ('a lot of'). A higher band would likely use the more vivid verb 'dramatically cuts' or 'dramatically reduces', which conveys a stronger, more deliberate effect.一个平实的量词(“a lot of”)。更高分段很可能会使用更生动的动词“dramatically cuts”或“dramatically reduces”,传达出更强烈、更具刻意性的效果。
   • GRA“Employees also know things managers don't, like which process is actually slowing the work down” — A relative-style clause tagged on with 'like', clear but plain. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use a colon to introduce a tighter pair of examples instead.一个用“like”附加的关系式从句,清晰但平实。7.5分范文更可能会改用冒号来引出一对更紧凑的例子。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer uses a colon to introduce a tighter pair of examples ('which process...which policy...') and extends the closing list to three actions (consulting, explaining, revisiting) rather than the two-part version a 6.5 answer gives.7.0分范文用冒号引出一对更紧凑的例子(“which process...which policy...”),并把结尾的列表扩展成三个动作(征询、解释、重新审视),而不是6.5分范文给出的两部分版本。

   Yes, for the simple reason that rules people help write get followed. The most respected rule at my studio is 'no meetings on Fridays', and it came from a staff survey rather than the boss — nobody breaks it because everybody owns it. Employees also know things managers don't: which process is actually slowing the work, which policy people are quietly ignoring. Involvement doesn't mean a vote on everything; some rules, on safety or law, aren't negotiable. But consulting staff, explaining the final decision, and revisiting rules that turn out to be stupid costs almost nothing and dramatically reduces the amount of quiet rule-breaking every company has.

   查看中文翻译

   是的,理由很简单:人们帮忙制定出来的规定才会被遵守。我工作室里最受尊重的一条规定是“周五不开会”,而这条规定来自一次员工调查,而不是老板——没人会去违反它,因为每个人都拥有它。员工还知道一些管理者不知道的事情:哪个流程其实正在拖慢工作进度,哪项政策正被人们悄悄无视。不过,参与并不意味着什么事情都要投票表决;有些规定,比如涉及安全或法律的,是没有商量余地的。但征询员工意见、解释最终决定,并重新审视那些被证明愚蠢的规定,几乎不需要任何成本,却能大幅减少每家公司都存在的悄悄违规行为。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“But consulting staff, explaining the final decision, and revisiting rules that turn out to be stupid costs almost nothing and dramatically reduces the amount of quiet rule-breaking every company has.” — The closing sentence lists three parallel actions rather than the two a 6.5 answer manages, giving the conclusion a fuller, more considered structure.结尾句列出了三个并列的动作,而不是6.5分范文所能做到的两个,让结论的结构更完整、更周全。
   • LR“dramatically reduces the amount of quiet rule-breaking every company has” — The verb phrase 'dramatically reduces' is a more emphatic, precise choice than the vaguer 'stops a lot of' a 6.5 answer uses for the same effect.动词短语“dramatically reduces”,比6.5分范文用于同一效果的更模糊的“stops a lot of”更强调、更精确。
   • GRA“Employees also know things managers don't: which process is actually slowing the work, which policy people are quietly ignoring” — A colon introduces two parallel noun clauses without repeating 'like' or a full sentence for each, a more compact structure than the single example tagged on with 'like' in the 6.5 answer.冒号引出了两个并列的名词从句,不需要为每个都重复“like”或一个完整的句子,比6.5分范文中用“like”附加的单一例子更紧凑。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the vivid phrase 'grinding the work to a halt' and 'had a hand in it', closing with the less common verb 'accumulates' rather than the plainer 'has' or 'reduces the amount of'.7.5分范文使用了生动的短语“grinding the work to a halt”和“had a hand in it”,并以较少见的动词“accumulates”收尾,而不是更平淡的“has”或“reduces the amount of”。

   Yes, for the simple reason that rules people help write actually get followed. The most respected rule at my studio is 'no meetings on Fridays', and it came out of a staff survey rather than a management memo — nobody breaks it, because everybody had a hand in it. Employees also know things managers don't: which process is quietly grinding the work to a halt, which policy people have already stopped bothering with. Involvement doesn't mean putting everything to a vote; anything touching safety or law simply isn't negotiable. But consulting staff, explaining the final call, and revisiting rules that turn out to be dumb costs the company almost nothing, and it dramatically cuts the quiet rule-breaking every workplace otherwise accumulates.

   查看中文翻译

   是的,理由很简单:人们帮忙制定出来的规定,才会真正被遵守。我工作室里最受尊重的一条规定是“周五不开会”,而这条规定源自一次员工调查,而不是管理层的一纸备忘录——没人会去违反它,因为每个人都曾亲身参与其中。员工还知道一些管理者不知道的事情:哪个流程正在悄悄地把工作拖到停滞,哪项政策人们早就已经懒得再理会了。不过,参与并不意味着把什么都拿去投票表决;任何涉及安全或法律的事,根本没有商量的余地。但征询员工意见、解释最终决定,并重新审视那些被证明蠢得离谱的规定,几乎不会让公司付出任何成本,却能大幅削减每个工作场所本来会不断累积的悄悄违规行为。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“it dramatically cuts the quiet rule-breaking every workplace otherwise accumulates” — The verb 'accumulates' at the very end gives the closing sentence a sharper, more deliberate final word than the plainer 'has' the 7.0 answer ends on for the same idea.结尾处的动词“accumulates”,给结尾句带来了一个比7.0分范文用于同一想法的更平淡的“has”更犀利、更具刻意性的收尾用词。
   • LR“which process is quietly grinding the work to a halt” — The idiom 'grinding...to a halt' is a far more vivid, physical image than the plain 'slowing the work' the lower bands use for the same problem.习语“grinding...to a halt”,是一个比低分段用于同一问题的平淡的“slowing the work”远为生动、更具身体感的意象。
   • GRA“nobody breaks it, because everybody had a hand in it” — The idiom 'had a hand in it' replaces the plainer 'owns it' the 7.0 answer uses, a more figurative, natural way of expressing shared ownership within the same clause structure.习语“had a hand in it”,取代了7.0分范文使用的更平淡的“owns it”,是一种在同一从句结构中更具比喻性、更自然的方式来表达共同所有权。

7. 7. How likely is it that, in the future, everyone in the world will be subject to the same laws?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer gives a direct hedge and one plain business example about the German client, using 'but' and 'so' to move through the reasoning to a clear final contrast.6.5分范文给出一个直接的缓和论断,配上一个关于德国客户的平实商业例子,用“but”和“so”贯穿推理过程,最终得出一个清晰的对比结论。

   Not very likely, I think, though some areas are becoming more similar. My studio recently built an app for a German client, and we had to follow European data-privacy rules even though we're based in Da Nang — that kind of thing is really happening, especially with trade and finance. But laws come from values, and values are different between countries — what counts as free speech or what counts as a crime, for example. Countries also see law-making as an important part of being independent. So I'd expect more shared rules in technical areas, but very different laws on moral or political questions.

   查看中文翻译

   我认为不太可能,不过有些领域正变得越来越相似。我的工作室最近为一位德国客户开发了一款应用,尽管我们的公司总部在岘港,却还是得遵守欧洲的数据隐私规定——这种情况确实正在发生,尤其是在贸易和金融领域。但法律来源于价值观,而价值观在不同国家之间是不同的——比如,什么算作言论自由,或者什么算作犯罪。各国还把立法权视为独立自主的重要组成部分。所以我预计在技术性领域会出现更多共同规则,但在道德或政治问题上,各国的法律会依然非常不同。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“that kind of thing is really happening, especially with trade and finance” — A plain, informal phrase ('that kind of thing is really happening'). A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely name the process itself with a word like 'creep', which describes the trend more precisely than the vague 'thing'.一个平实、口语化的短语(“that kind of thing is really happening”)。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会用一个像“creep”这样的词来直接命名这个过程,比模糊的“thing”更精确地描述这个趋势。
   • LR“Countries also see law-making as an important part of being independent” — A plain phrase ('being independent'). A higher band would likely use the more precise, formal noun 'sovereign', which is the standard term for this idea in a legal or political context.一个平实的短语(“being independent”)。更高分段很可能会使用更精确、更正式的名词“sovereign”,这是在法律或政治语境中表达这个概念的标准术语。
   • GRA“laws come from values, and values are different between countries” — Two short clauses joined with 'and', repeating 'values' plainly. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to use 'grows out of' as a more vivid verb in place of the plain 'come from'.两个用“and”连接的短句,平实地重复了“values”这个词。7.5分范文更可能会用“grows out of”作为一个更生动的动词,来取代平淡的“come from”。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer names the trend precisely with 'that kind of creep is real' and uses the formal term 'sovereign', closing with the more developed final clause about 'as long as there are countries'.7.0分范文用“that kind of creep is real”精确地命名了这个趋势,并使用了正式术语“sovereign”,最后以关于“只要国家还存在”的更成熟的结尾从句收尾。

   Not very, though certain areas are converging. My studio recently built an app for a German client, and the data-privacy rules we had to follow were essentially European law applied in Da Nang — that kind of creep is real, and it's happening with trade, aviation and finance too. But law reflects values, and values differ: what counts as free speech, what's a family, what's a crime. Countries also guard law-making as the core of what makes them sovereign. So I'd expect more shared rules in technical areas where everyone benefits from the same standard, and stubbornly different laws on anything moral or political, probably for as long as there are countries.

   查看中文翻译

   不太可能,不过某些领域正在趋同。我的工作室最近为一位德国客户开发了一款应用,而我们必须遵守的数据隐私规定,本质上就是把欧洲的法律套用到了岘港——这种“渗透”现象是真实存在的,而且也正发生在贸易、航空和金融领域。但法律反映的是价值观,而价值观各不相同:什么算作言论自由,什么算作家庭,什么算作犯罪。各国还把立法权视为它们之所以拥有主权的核心所在。所以我预计,在人人都能从同一标准中受益的技术性领域,会出现更多共同规则,但在任何道德或政治问题上,法律会依然顽固地保持差异,而且这种情况大概只要国家还存在就会一直持续下去。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“that kind of creep is real, and it's happening with trade, aviation and finance too” — The noun 'creep' names the trend precisely, a more developed, specific way of describing the process than the vague 'that kind of thing is really happening' the 6.5 answer uses for the same idea.名词“creep”,精确地命名了这个趋势,是一种比6.5分范文用于同一想法的模糊的“that kind of thing is really happening”更成熟、更具体的描述方式。
   • LR“Countries also guard law-making as the core of what makes them sovereign” — The adjective 'sovereign' is the precise, standard legal term, an upgrade on the vaguer 'being independent' a 6.5 answer uses for the same concept.形容词“sovereign”,是精确、标准的法律术语,是对6.5分范文用于同一概念的更模糊的“being independent”的一种升级。
   • GRA“law reflects values, and values differ: what counts as free speech, what's a family, what's a crime” — A colon introduces a compact three-item list of parallel noun clauses, more economical than the single tagged-on example ('for example') the 6.5 answer manages for the same point.冒号引出了一个紧凑的、由三项并列名词从句组成的列表,比6.5分范文用于同一观点的单一附加例子(“for example”)更为经济。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the vivid verb 'transplanted' and the adverb 'jealously', with 'grows out of' replacing the plainer 'reflects' or 'come from' the lower bands use for the same idea about law and values.7.5分范文使用了生动的动词“transplanted”和副词“jealously”,用“grows out of”取代了低分段用于同一“法律与价值观”想法的更平淡的“reflects”或“come from”。

   Not very, though certain pockets are clearly converging. My studio recently built an app for a German client, and the data-privacy rules we had to follow were essentially European law transplanted into Da Nang — that kind of creep is real, and it's happening with trade, aviation and finance too. But law grows out of values, and values differ: what counts as free speech, what's a family, what's a crime. Countries also guard law-making jealously, as the core of what makes them sovereign in the first place. So I'd expect more shared rules in technical areas where everyone gains from a common standard, and stubbornly different laws on anything moral or political, probably for as long as countries exist at all.

   查看中文翻译

   不太可能,不过某些“局部区域”正明显地趋同起来。我的工作室最近为一位德国客户开发了一款应用,而我们必须遵守的数据隐私规定,本质上就是把整套欧洲法律“移植”到了岘港——这种“渗透”现象是真实存在的,而且也正发生在贸易、航空和金融领域。但法律是从价值观中生长出来的,而价值观各不相同:什么算作言论自由,什么算作家庭,什么算作犯罪。各国还相当“护食”地守着立法权,把它当作自己之所以拥有主权这件事本身的核心所在。所以我预计,在人人都能从共同标准中受益的技术性领域,会出现更多共同规则,但在任何道德或政治问题上,法律会依然顽固地保持差异——大概只要国家这个东西本身还存在,情况就会一直如此。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“Countries also guard law-making jealously, as the core of what makes them sovereign in the first place.” — The adverb 'jealously' adds a note of evaluative commentary to the claim, a more developed observation than the flatter 'guard law-making as the core of what makes them sovereign' the 7.0 answer offers.副词“jealously”,给这个论断增添了一丝评价性的评论,比7.0分范文提供的更平淡的“guard law-making as the core of what makes them sovereign”是更成熟的观察。
   • LR“the data-privacy rules we had to follow were essentially European law transplanted into Da Nang” — The verb 'transplanted' is a more vivid, precise choice than the plainer 'applied' the lower bands use, suggesting a whole legal system being moved into a new setting.动词“transplanted”,比低分段使用的更平淡的“applied”更生动、更精确,暗示了一整套法律体系被移植到了一个新的环境中。
   • GRA“But law grows out of values, and values differ” — The verb phrase 'grows out of' replaces the plainer 'reflects' or 'come from' the lower bands use, a more vivid, organic metaphor within the same short sentence structure.动词短语“grows out of”,取代了低分段使用的更平淡的“reflects”或“come from”,在同一简短句型结构中,呈现出一个更生动、更具机体性的隐喻。

8. 8. How may technology become more important in law enforcement?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer opens with a direct claim and one plain local example about Da Nang's cameras, using 'but' to balance fairness against worry before a clear closing warning.6.5分范文以一个直接的论断开篇,配上一个关于岘港摄像头的平实本地例子,用“but”来平衡公平性和担忧,最后以一个清晰的结尾警示收尾。

   It's already taking over some of the work police officers used to do. Da Nang has put cameras at the main junctions, so now if you run a red light on your motorbike, a fine arrives by post two weeks later, even though nobody was there to catch you. This will probably spread — number-plate cameras, facial recognition, software that finds fraud in bank transactions faster than a person could. This makes enforcement fairer because it's more consistent, but also a bit worrying because it's everywhere all the time. The risk is that the technology ends up watching everyone constantly, and law enforcement becomes something done to people, not for them.

   查看中文翻译

   它已经在接管一些以前由警察负责的工作了。岘港在主要路口都装上了摄像头,所以现在如果你骑摩托车闯了红灯,两周后一张罚单就会寄到你家,即便当时根本没有人在现场抓到你。这种情况很可能会蔓延开来——车牌识别摄像头、人脸识别技术,还有比人工更快发现银行交易欺诈行为的软件。这让执法变得更公平,因为它更加一致;但也让人有点担忧,因为它无处不在、无时无刻。风险在于,这种技术最终会变成对所有人进行持续不断的监视,而执法也会变成一种“对人施加”的东西,而不是“为人服务”的东西。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“This makes enforcement fairer because it's more consistent, but also a bit worrying because it's everywhere all the time.” — A plain sentence balancing two effects with 'but', repeating 'because' twice. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely use a parallel structure like 'more X, which is fair, and more Y, which is unsettling' instead of repeating the same connector.一个用“but”平衡两种效果的平实句子,重复了两次“because”。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会使用像“more X, which is fair, and more Y, which is unsettling”这样的平行结构,而不是重复使用同一个连接词。
   • LR“a fine arrives by post two weeks later” — A plain, literal time phrase ('two weeks later'). A higher band would likely use the more idiomatic 'a fortnight later', which is a more natural, slightly less common way of expressing the same period.一个平实、字面化的时间短语(“two weeks later”)。更高分段很可能会使用更地道的“a fortnight later”,这是表达同一时间段更自然、略微少见的说法。
   • GRA“This will probably spread — number-plate cameras, facial recognition, software that finds fraud in bank transactions faster than a person could” — An em dash introduces a list of examples, already a reasonably compact structure. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to add a further comparative clause like 'faster than any investigator ever could' for extra emphasis.一个破折号引出了一份例子列表,这已经是一个相当紧凑的结构了。7.5分范文更可能会加上一个进一步的比较从句,比如“faster than any investigator ever could”,以增添额外的强调。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer uses the parallel structure 'more consistent, which is fair, and more total, which is unsettling' instead of the repeated 'because' clauses a 6.5 answer relies on, giving the contrast a tighter, more deliberate shape.7.0分范文使用了平行结构“more consistent, which is fair, and more total, which is unsettling”,而不是6.5分范文所依赖的重复“because”从句,让这个对比呈现出更紧凑、更有用心的形态。

   It's already replacing the police officer on the corner. Da Nang has put cameras at the main junctions, and now running a red light on your motorbike means a fine arrives by post two weeks later — nobody was there, but you were caught anyway. That will spread: automatic number-plate reading, facial recognition, software that spots fraud in bank transactions faster than any investigator. It makes enforcement more consistent, which is fair, and more total, which is unsettling. The obvious risk is that the technology ends up watching everyone all the time, and law enforcement becomes something done to people rather than for them.

   查看中文翻译

   它已经在取代街角站岗的警察了。岘港在主要路口都装上了摄像头,现在如果你骑摩托车闯了红灯,两周后一张罚单就会寄到你家——当时没有人在现场,但你依然被抓到了。这种情况会蔓延开来:自动车牌识别、人脸识别、比任何调查员都更快发现银行交易欺诈的软件。这让执法变得更一致,这是公平的一面;也让执法变得更全面,这是令人不安的一面。显而易见的风险在于,这种技术最终会变成对所有人进行全天候的监视,而执法也会变成一种“对人施加”的东西,而不是“为人服务”的东西。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“It makes enforcement more consistent, which is fair, and more total, which is unsettling.” — The parallel 'more X, which is fair, and more Y, which is unsettling' structure balances the two effects more elegantly than the repeated 'because' clauses the 6.5 answer uses for the same contrast.平行结构“more X, which is fair, and more Y, which is unsettling”,比6.5分范文用于同一对比的重复“because”从句,更优雅地平衡了这两种效果。
   • LR“nobody was there, but you were caught anyway” — A short, punchy contrastive clause that adds emphasis beyond the plainer 'even though nobody was there to catch you' phrase the 6.5 answer uses for the same idea.一个简短、有力的对比从句,在6.5分范文用于同一想法的更平淡的“even though nobody was there to catch you”短语基础上,增添了强调力度。
   • GRA“That will spread: automatic number-plate reading, facial recognition, software that spots fraud in bank transactions faster than any investigator” — A colon introduces the list of examples, a slightly more compact structure than the em dash the 6.5 answer uses, with the added comparative 'faster than any investigator' sharpening the final item.冒号引出了例子列表,比6.5分范文使用的破折号略微更紧凑,增加的比较结构“faster than any investigator”让最后一项更为犀利。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the idiomatic 'a fortnight later' and the adverb 'faintly unsettling', closing with the extended evaluative image 'a line worth watching closely over the next few decades' rather than a flat final sentence.7.5分范文使用了地道的“a fortnight later”和副词“faintly unsettling”,并以延伸的评价性意象“a line worth watching closely over the next few decades”收尾,而不是一句平淡的结尾句。

   It's already replacing the police officer standing on the corner. Da Nang has installed cameras at the main junctions, so running a red light on your motorbike now means a fine arriving by post a fortnight later — nobody was there, yet you were caught regardless. That trend will spread: automatic number-plate reading, facial recognition, software that spots fraud in bank transactions faster than any investigator ever could. It makes enforcement more consistent, which is fair, and more total, which is faintly unsettling. The real risk is that the technology ends up watching everyone all the time, and law enforcement quietly becomes something done to people rather than for them — a line worth watching closely over the next few decades.

   查看中文翻译

   它已经在取代街角站岗的警察了。岘港已经在主要路口安装了摄像头,所以现在如果你骑摩托车闯了红灯,一张罚单就会在两周后寄到你家——当时没有人在现场,你却依然照样被抓到了。这一趋势会蔓延开来:自动车牌识别、人脸识别、比任何调查员都能更快发现银行交易欺诈的软件。这让执法变得更一致,这是公平的一面;也让执法变得更全面,这是略带令人不安的一面。真正的风险在于,这种技术最终会变成对所有人全天候的监视,而执法也会悄悄地变成一种“对人施加”的东西,而不是“为人服务”的东西——这是一条在未来几十年里值得密切关注的界线。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“a line worth watching closely over the next few decades” — The final phrase extends the closing warning into a forward-looking evaluative image, something the plainer bands' shorter final sentences don't attempt, giving the answer a more considered, essay-like close.结尾短语把最后的警示延伸成了一个具有前瞻性的评价性意象,这是更平淡的分段中更简短的结尾句都未曾尝试过的,让整篇回答的收尾更经过深思熟虑、更像一篇散文式的结尾。
   • LR“a fine arriving by post a fortnight later” — The idiom 'a fortnight later' is a more natural, slightly less common way of expressing 'two weeks later', which the lower bands use in its plainer literal form.习语“a fortnight later”,是表达“两周后”更自然、略微少见的方式,而低分段则使用其更平淡的字面形式。
   • GRA“software that spots fraud in bank transactions faster than any investigator ever could” — The comparative clause is extended with 'ever could' at the end, a more emphatic construction than the plainer 'faster than any investigator' the 7.0 answer stops at for the same comparison.这个比较从句用结尾的“ever could”加以延伸,比7.0分范文用于同一比较、止步于更平淡的“faster than any investigator”是更强调的结构。

9. 9. Will crime disappear and laws become unnecessary in the future?

   2026年9–12月
   查看这道题的6.5 / 7.0 / 7.5三档对比

   6.5 分

   The 6.5 answer states its main opinion directly and gives one plain generational comparison (grandmother's scams vs the speaker's), using 'but' three times to build the contrasts throughout.6.5分范文直接陈述了主要观点,配上一个平实的代际比较(奶奶那一代的骗局与说话者自己遇到的),全篇三次使用“but”来构建对比。

   I don't think crime will disappear, but it will change shape. My grandmother used to worry about fake goods at the market, but now I get fake messages on Zalo pretending to be my bank, and in twenty years it will probably be something neither of us can imagine today. As long as people want things they can't easily get, some of them will find shortcuts, and that's really why laws exist. Some crimes might almost disappear — car theft is much harder now because of modern keys — but new laws will always be needed for new kinds of crime. A world with no laws would need people who had stopped wanting things, and I don't see that happening.

   查看中文翻译

   我不认为犯罪会消失,但它会改变形态。我奶奶过去常常担心市场上的假货,但现在我收到的是假装是我银行的Zalo诈骗信息,而二十年后,大概会出现一种我们俩现在都想象不到的东西。只要人们想要一些不容易得到的东西,总会有一些人去找“捷径”,而这正是法律存在的真正原因。有些犯罪可能会几乎消失——现在因为现代车钥匙的存在,偷车变得难多了——但针对新型犯罪,永远都需要新的法律。一个没有法律的世界,需要的是一群已经不再有欲望的人,而我不认为这种情况会发生。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“A world with no laws would need people who had stopped wanting things, and I don't see that happening.” — A plain closing sentence using the basic phrase 'I don't see that happening'. A 7.0 or 7.5 answer would more likely use the more natural idiom 'that's not a future I'd bet on', which frames the same conclusion more vividly.一个使用基础短语“I don't see that happening”的平实结尾句。7.0或7.5分范文更可能会使用更自然的习语“that's not a future I'd bet on”,更生动地框定同样的结论。
   • LR“My grandmother used to worry about fake goods at the market” — A plain verb choice ('worry about'). A higher band would likely use the more vivid, slightly less common verb 'fretted over', which conveys more sustained anxiety than the neutral 'worry about'.一个平实的动词选择(“worry about”)。更高分段很可能会使用更生动、略微少见的动词“fretted over”,比中性的“worry about”传达出更持久的焦虑感。
   • GRA“As long as people want things they can't easily get, some of them will find shortcuts, and that's really why laws exist” — An as-long-as clause followed by a result and a final explanatory clause joined with 'and', workable but fairly linear. A 7.5 answer would be more likely to compress the final clause using 'not because of any particular era' as an added contrast.一个“as long as”从句,后面跟着一个结果和一个用“and”连接的最终解释性从句,可行但相当线性。7.5分范文更可能会用“not because of any particular era”作为一个额外的对比,来压缩这个最终从句。

   7.0 分

   The 7.0 answer uses a semicolon to contrast the grandmother's and the speaker's scams in one sentence, and closes with the idiom 'that's not a future I'd bet on' instead of the plainer 'I don't see that happening'.7.0分范文用分号在一个句子里对比了奶奶和说话者自己遇到的骗局,并以习语“that's not a future I'd bet on”收尾,而不是更平淡的“I don't see that happening”。

   Crime will change shape rather than disappear. The scams my grandmother worried about were fake goods at the market; the ones I get are messages on Zalo pretending to be my bank, and in twenty years it'll be something neither of us can imagine. As long as people want things they can't easily get, some of them will take shortcuts, and law exists because of that constant, not because of any particular era. Some crimes may practically vanish — car theft is much harder with modern keys — but laws will still be needed to define the new ones. A society with no laws would need people who've stopped wanting, and that's not a future I'd bet on.

   查看中文翻译

   犯罪会改变形态,而不是消失。我奶奶担心的骗局是市场上的假货;而我遇到的骗局则是假装是我银行的Zalo消息,二十年后,大概会是我们俩现在都无法想象的东西。只要人们想要一些不容易得到的东西,总会有一些人去走捷径,而法律的存在正是因为这种恒定不变的人性,而不是因为某个特定的时代。有些犯罪可能几乎会消失——现在因为现代车钥匙的存在,偷车变得难多了——但对于新出现的犯罪类型,依然需要新的法律来界定它们。一个没有法律的社会,需要的是一群已经不再有欲望的人,而这不是一个我会去押注的未来。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“and that's not a future I'd bet on” — The idiom 'a future I'd bet on' frames the closing judgement more vividly and naturally than the plain 'I don't see that happening' the 6.5 answer ends on.习语“a future I'd bet on”,比6.5分范文结尾使用的平淡的“I don't see that happening”,更生动、更自然地框定了这个结尾判断。
   • LR“law exists because of that constant, not because of any particular era” — The noun 'constant' is a more precise, abstract term than the plainer phrasing a 6.5 answer would use to make the same point about a fixed underlying cause.名词“constant”,是一个比6.5分范文用来表达“固定的底层原因”这一观点时会使用的更平淡措辞更精确、更抽象的术语。
   • GRA“The scams my grandmother worried about were fake goods at the market; the ones I get are messages on Zalo pretending to be my bank” — A semicolon links the two parallel generational examples into one flowing sentence, more compact than the 'but' and separate clause structure the 6.5 answer uses for the same comparison.分号把两个平行的代际例子连接进一个流畅的句子里,比6.5分范文用于同一比较的“but”加独立从句结构更紧凑。

   7.5 分

   The 7.5 answer uses the less common verb 'fretted over' and the compact idiom 'all but disappear', closing on the emphatic 'not a future I'd bet money on' instead of the plainer 'bet on'.7.5分范文使用了较少见的动词“fretted over”和紧凑的习语“all but disappear”,并以强调性的“not a future I'd bet money on”收尾,而不是更平淡的“bet on”。

   Crime will change shape rather than vanish outright. The scams my grandmother fretted over were fake goods at the market; mine arrive as messages on Zalo pretending to be my bank, and in twenty years it'll be something neither of us could picture today. As long as people want things they can't easily get, some will always find a shortcut, and law exists because of that constant, not because of any particular era. Certain crimes may all but disappear — car theft is far harder with modern keys — but laws will still be needed to define whatever comes next. A society with no laws at all would need people who'd simply stopped wanting, and that's not a future I'd bet money on.

   查看中文翻译

   犯罪会改变形态,而不会彻底消失。我奶奶为之焦虑的骗局是市场上的假货;而我遇到的骗局则是假装是我银行的Zalo消息,二十年后,大概会是我们俩现在都无法想象出来的东西。只要人们想要一些不容易得到的东西,总会有人找到走捷径的办法,而法律的存在正是因为这种恒定不变的人性,而不是因为某个特定的时代。某些犯罪可能几乎会绝迹——现在因为现代车钥匙的存在,偷车变得难得多了——但对于接下来出现的任何新事物,依然需要法律来界定它们。一个彻底没有法律的社会,需要的是一群已经干脆不再有欲望的人,而这绝不是一个我愿意押上真金白银去下注的未来。

   为什么是这个分数

   • FC“and that's not a future I'd bet money on” — Adding 'money' to the idiom used in the 7.0 answer ('bet on' → 'bet money on') gives the closing judgement a slightly more emphatic, colloquial edge.在7.0分范文使用的习语中加上“money”(“bet on” → “bet money on”),让这个结尾判断带上了一丝更强调、更口语化的锋芒。
   • LR“The scams my grandmother fretted over were fake goods at the market” — The verb 'fretted over' is a more vivid, less common choice than the plain 'worried about' the lower bands use, suggesting more sustained, active anxiety.动词“fretted over”,是一个比低分段使用的平淡的“worried about”更生动、更少见的选择,暗示了一种更持久、更主动的焦虑感。
   • GRA“Certain crimes may all but disappear — car theft is far harder with modern keys — but laws will still be needed to define whatever comes next” — The idiom 'all but disappear' compresses the idea of near-total disappearance into a compact phrase, more economical than the plainer 'might almost disappear' or 'may practically vanish' the lower bands use for the same idea.习语“all but disappear”,把“近乎完全消失”这个想法压缩进一个紧凑的短语里,比低分段用于同一想法的更平淡的“might almost disappear”或“may practically vanish”更为经济。