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Part one. You will hear two friends choosing a campsite together for their family holiday.
First, you have some time to look at questions one to five.
Now listen carefully and answer questions one to five.
Shall we have a look at this information about campsites, and then perhaps we can choose
where to go on holiday?
Yes. My children are very excited about our two families going away together again this
year.
Mm.
Shall we look at Westerley campsite first?
Yes. It says it's most suitable for children under twelve years old, so that should be fine
for us. Your daughter's just eleven, isn't she?
Mm, yes, that's right.
Now, where is the Westerley campsite?
Is it the one next to a lake?
That's another one. This one's by the sea. Perfect.
Yes. That's a good place to go in the summer when the weather's hot.
This brochure says that most children who go to Westerley campsite love the animals
they can see there. There's a special area where they can go and feed them.
We might see some interesting birds too.
Mm.
Oh, and look, it says a farmer comes every day, and you can buy eggs from him.
[chuckles] Great for breakfast.
Mm.
I wonder if he sells other things like cheese, but it's not mentioned.
Mm, I don't know. I think they grow a lot of fruit in that area, so he might sell that.
Mm. Another thing I like about this campsite is that they let you make a fire. We could
cook some sausages and sing songs around it in the evenings.
[chuckles]
And perhaps it would be a good way to meet other families there too.
Great. And it isn't too expensive.
Mm.
Six pounds per adult per night. Three pounds per child. But wait, families of four can get
it for fifteen pounds seventy-five a night. That works out even cheaper.
Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions six
to ten.
Now listen and answer questions six to ten.
Let's look at a couple of other campsites before we decide.
Yes. Let's look at Snetten Forest campsite.
Mm-hmm.
It's even cheaper. Five pounds per adult, and children under ten are free.
Ooh.
They say it's a very good place if you're keen on fishing, and they even give you tips on
where to go to have the best chance of catching some.
Mm. I prefer walking or hiking, and so do the rest of my family, so I'm not sure that will
attract us that much.
Oh, look, it says you can rent a bike to go around the forest. I'd do that. And your
children would like that too, wouldn't they?
Absolutely. We could all go somewhere and have a picnic.
Look, this is interesting too. At Snetten, they get all the children together to play football.
Oh.
Uh, your children would love that.
Mm. Mm.
And your husband, Mike, plays too, doesn't he?
Yes. That sounds good. Well, Mike's more into tennis actually, but I'm sure he'd be happy
to be a referee if they needed one.
Here's some information about Trent Valley campsite. I've heard about this one. There's a
festival near the campsite in June, and it's really busy, so they say for families, it's better
in July when it's a bit quieter.
Well, that would be just right for us because we have to go in the school summer holidays.
Mm.
Let's look at what it says about it.
Oh, look, it's quite a long way to the nearest village. Eight kilometers. It's too far to walk.
But this one has got an open air pool-
Mm
...which we'd all love in the summer.
Mm.
And they have a little shop where you can buy basic things like bread and milk.
That's really useful.
Mm.
And there's lots to do there. I think on Saturday nights-
That is the end of part one.
You now have one minute to check your answers to part one.
---
Part two. You'll hear an HR representative of Earn and Learn giving some information
about her company. First, you have some time to look at questions eleven to sixteen.
Now listen carefully and answer questions eleven to sixteen.
Welcome to all of you. Can everybody see and hear me? Good. I'm Sarah Connor, an HR
representative of Earn and Learn. I have been asked today to talk to you about our
company. So for those of you who don't know very much about the company, let me start
by giving you some basic information about it. Earn and Learn started nearly twenty
years ago. It is not a charity, but a for-profit company that enables promising
entrepreneurs to make money while traveling. During the past ten years, it has grown
rapidly and has gained great influence in most countries of the world. We have a
partnership with the school and take a large number of recent graduates from the business
school. So if you are a recent graduate, I'd say you can consider applying to our company.
Before your application, you might be curious about what sort of places you could go to.
There are four main locations, but you also have the freedom to submit a different
location, and if they can make the necessary arrangements, you can go. The first country
Earn and Learn and Learn established locations was the US, where you may choose from
multiple locations as long as you can commit to their more rigid schedule of August to
December. Also, you could do the Australia internship. That one is really cool. You work
at a wildlife shelter and learn about the business practices of nonprofit organizations. You
do have to be willing to commit eight months for that one, though. Perhaps that's a long
time to be so far away, but I would say it is really an amazing opportunity. I don't know
whether some of you are in decent physical shape. If so, the South Africa internship is
another exciting one.
You learn a lot about sustainable farming, but you would be doing some of the manual
labor involved in maintaining a farm. Indeed, it's hard work, but I think you would
definitely be able to do it. It may be wise to wait until after their summer is over, so it's
not so terribly hot. In addition, there is a most recently established location in India. This
one gives you more of a study abroad feel, given that they arrange a host family for you
to stay with. In the other locations, you live in an apartment with other interns, so this is
definitely a unique experience.
The rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions seventeen to twenty.
Now listen and answer questions seventeen to twenty.
Regardless of where you go, at the end of the program, you get a global traveling
certificate as long as you can explain your experience. You can provide a written log of
what you did. I recommend writing journal or blog entries about what you do every day
or a weekly summary of each day. Of course, you don't have to write up a formal report
or anything like that, and you need to apply for it once you prepare to return. Some
students may want to know whether this is a paid internship. Actually, you have to pay
for the flight there yourself. But you have the opportunity to create your own small
business, which could earn you money if it's successful. So basically, you pay for it all up
front. But when you're there, you can find ways to make money. That is to say, you pay
for two-thirds of the cost up front as a deposit and then give the final installment one
month prior to your return. Finally, I have to remind you that you need a health check
before you go to make sure you're not going to spread any communicable diseases. In
addition, before you go, you don't have to attend any meetings or workshops. You'll meet
everyone you'll be working with once you get there. Okay. Well, that's all I have time for
today. Thanks for listening, and I'm happy to take any questions if you have them.
That is the end of part two. You now have half a minute to check your answers.
---
Part three.
You will hear an engineering student called Cathy discussing a piece of work with her
tutor.
First, you have some time to look at questions twenty-one to twenty-six.
Now listen carefully and answer questions twenty-one to twenty-six.
Hello, Cathy. How's your dissertation on water pumps going?
Not too bad, thanks. I'm getting on well with the literature review now, and my lab work's
fine so far.
Oh, that's good. Remember, you should aim to have your results section completed by the
end of next month, so there's plenty of time to finalize the whole thing by the summer
deadline. Anyway, looks like you're on track. I've been through your first chapter now,
and I was quite impressed.
Oh, [laughs] that's a relief.
Well, sometimes your sentences are a little long and over complex, but the overall
structure of the piece is very clear. I'd recommend you get a critical friend to go through
it with you. Then once you've built in citations of other work in the field, I think it'll be
pretty good.
Oh, thanks. I was pleased I decided to focus on water pumps.
You seem to be testing an appropriate range of pump design.
Lots of students make the mistake of either restricting their range too much or conversely
not narrowing it down enough. You've managed to avoid those twin traps.
However, I think you'd get more convincing results if you took some additional
measurements. I've noted exactly what I mean on your work.
Yes, I thought that might be necessary, and I know I need to get down to some more
library work too.
Well, I don't think that's essential at the moment.
Oh, right. So what do you suggest I do next? Repeat my last experiment using different
variables?
Well, you could have a word with James Higgins tomorrow. He's coming here to give a
lecture on hydraulics to the faculty, and it would be a great chance to have a chat with
him, especially as your experimental work has drawn so heavily from his last article in
the British Engineering Journal.
Oh, fantastic.
And you never know how successful a chat with him might turn out to be. I got my first
research post when I was a final year student and asked a visiting professor to explain
what he meant in some article he'd written. So I urge all my students to take any such
opportunity that arises.
Mm. But times have changed. People like that are too busy to talk to mere students these
days.
I don't know about that. Anyway, is there anything else I can help with? Any practical
information about layout perhaps?
Well, I suppose I'm a bit unsure about how the bibliography should be presented.
Mm-hmm.
Mind you, I can just check what's normally done in journal articles, so that's not
something to bother you with. I'd welcome some guidance though about what I should or
shouldn't include in the appendices. I know some things, some of my data tables or
details of specs perhaps, are not really needed in the main body of the text, and I'm likely
to be pushed for words there.
Okay. I can certainly help you with that. But it will take a while, so can we deal with that
next week? I've got that solar panel seminar to go into in a few minutes. There's plenty of
work you can be carrying on with in the meantime.
Sure. That's no problem. I think I'll go and investigate the latest version of the CAD
software to see if it might help with my pump design experiments at all.
Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions
twenty-seven to thirty.
Now listen and answer questions twenty-seven to thirty.
Before you go though, I'd like quickly to run through what you should be doing over the
next few months, not just for your dissertation, but also to help your chances of getting
the research post you'd like. Is that okay with you?
Yes, that would be really helpful.
Well, you certainly need to become a member of the Mechanical Engineers Society, and
then you'll be able to go along to their meetings.
Mm.
There, you must make a point of making yourself known to various people like Professor
Jones. He's the current president and is very approachable.
Okay. So I could do some networking there?
Exactly. Also, I think you should try to set up some visits to industry. Go to a lot of
different workplaces just to see how things are done. It's actually a very good way of
making sure you're familiar with the cutting edge of what's going on. Textbooks, even
academic articles sometimes lag behind industry.
That sounds really interesting. Also, I'd love the chance to do a bit of work abroad for a
while.
Well, that's actually the next thing I was going to recommend. I'm sure we could set up a
month for you in either the States or Canada, and that would be a great way to find out
how things are done elsewhere.
That'd be good. Thank you.
And the last thing I was going to suggest was that you could go to the European Water
Engineering Conference being held in Spain in May.
I could even present my dissertation there.
Yes.
Oh, thank you so much. That's all really helpful.
Good. So now if we...
That is the end of part three. You now have thirty seconds to check your answers to part
three.
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You will hear a talk on research into music.
First, you have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty.
Now, listen carefully and answer questions thirty-one to forty.
Today, we're going to delve into the fascinating history of music in Britain and the
evolution that it experienced throughout the duration of the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries.
During the second half of the eighteenth century, Britain experienced an industrial
revolution, during which its manufacturing industry underwent a major transition from
hand production methods to the use of machinery.
This sudden boom in the industry drew thousands of people into the cities, where they
knew they'd be able to find jobs in the factories, working with or maintaining the
machinery.
This sudden influx of people into the cities did not just come from the surrounding
countryside, but also from other poorer nations in search of a better life.
Between 1800 and 1900, the population of England increased by four times.
This mass immigration from different nations and areas of the country resulted in a
variety of cultural influences meeting and mixing to form a new, more diverse culture.
With this new culture came a new style of music.
Prior to the Industrial Revolution, music had originally been written to reflect the hard,
labor-intensive life in all kinds of industries when all work had to be done by hand. Most
people resided in small rural communities where their lives revolved around farming.
Life for the average person was difficult, as incomes were meager and malnourishment
and disease were common. Despite the difference in nationalities of the people and the
variety of musical genres, all of the music shared one common language: English.
As many were unable to write, the songs were a means for the people to give voice to
their experiences and feelings about their hard and laborious jobs.
Most of the music written by the workers during this period has been lost as a result of
illiteracy and the wear of time.
Now, you may be asking yourselves how these small musical works were formed. The
roots of most of these groups can mostly be traced back to the younger members of the
working classes, who were perhaps rebelling against the inferiority of their living and
working conditions compared to those of the upper classes.
Young performers would often lead these musical trends, usually possessing a great
talent for singing or playing particular handmade instruments.
As time progressed into the nineteenth century, these musical groups had gained much
notoriety and would hold small performances in the street for all to watch.
It was perhaps their blind optimism and rebellious spirit that led them to become so
popular with their audiences, which were usually made up of the poorest of the poor.
Despite efforts by the upper classes to put an end to these musical traditions, they
continued to gain popularity and flourish.
By the late 1870s, they had evolved past the barrier of the social echelons and gained
access to the middle class. Performances were held in proper establishments such as
village halls, and some were even ticketed, with audiences paying a fee for the privilege
of watching.
Music produced by these groups were better recorded, and some are still preserved today
in museums. The music of these groups may not exist in the present day, but its
influences are still clear if you look closely enough.
In classical culture, for example, many of the themes and theatrical performances are still
based on the lives and experiences of the working classes, both prior to and following the
Industrial Revolution. The novel entitled Les Misérables by Victor Hugo, for example, is
a novel about the French working classes and is still widely popular today. The original
recordings of the music written during these periods are now hugely valuable due to the
demand from avid collectors and enthusiastic fans. Many of these recordings are publicly
owned and displayed in museum exhibits. However, a selection are still privately owned
and occasionally appear for sale in auctions, often reaching prices in the hundreds of
thousands.
Well, that just about wraps the lecture up for today. So if anyone has any questions...
That is the end of section four.
You now have half a minute to check your answers.