Listening 2026-04 Test 3

==================== IELTS Listening Transcript ==================== PART 1 Speaker 0: Part one. Speaker 0: You will hear a man who runs a volunteer agency interviewing a woman called Grace who is applying to do volunteer work. Speaker 0: First, you have some time to look at questions one to five. Speaker 0: Now listen carefully and answer questions one to five. Speaker 1: Hello, Grace. I'm William. Thanks for coming in for this interview. It's very important for us to meet our volunteers in person. I understand. Speaker 2: It's no problem at all. Speaker 1: Okay. Let's get started. What's the best phone number to contact you on? Speaker 2: My mobile phone's probably best. The number's 0216367189. But I can't always answer it during the day. I'll give you my email address as well. I check it frequently. Speaker 1: Okay. I'll make a note that email's a good way to contact you. What's the address? Speaker 2: It's graceb@travel.co.nz. I chose it when I was younger, and I just haven't changed it since. It's easy to remember. Speaker 1: Now do you have any particular qualifications, Grace? Speaker 2: I'm a housewife now, but I used to be in teaching. I trained for that and got my diploma, although I haven't done it for years. Before having children, I worked as a bank teller. Speaker 1: Alright. I need to find out when you'll be available during the week. You said you have children. Are they at school? Speaker 2: Yes. Both of them are. So I can't start work before 08:15 in the morning or work past 03:00 in the afternoon. Speaker 1: So you'd be looking for about four or five hours a day, say 09:15 AM to 2 PM? That gives you time to get to and from school to work. Speaker 2: That's perfect. It's important for me to be there for my children. Speaker 1: Of course. And are you looking to work Monday to Friday? Speaker 2: Yes. If it gets to be too much, I can rethink it later. Speaker 1: Now, Grace, you obviously have a lot of work experience, but have you done any volunteer work before? Speaker 2: During the Rugby World Cup, there were many visitors who didn't know their way around or what they should see and do in Auckland City. So I worked as a guide to help introduce the city to tourists. I really enjoyed it. Speaker 1: Okay. Good. Have you done anything else? Perhaps when you were at school or university? Did you do any volunteer work there? Speaker 2: When I was at university, the manager of a netball team asked me to be the coach, and I did that. Speaker 1: Great. It sounds like you like your sports. Speaker 2: I used to, but not so much nowadays. Speaker 1: Okay. Speaker 0: Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions six to 10. Now listen and answer questions six to 10. Speaker 1: If not sports, do you have any other interests? Speaker 2: Oh, yes. I love to get out in my garden, and I grow most of my own vegetables. I love flowers and flower arranging, but I don't suppose there's much volunteer work associated with those kinds of things. Speaker 1: You'd be surprised. Any other hobbies? Speaker 2: Like most people, I guess, I like music. Actually, I can play the guitar, but I haven't done much for a while, so I'm a bit rusty. One day, I'd like to have a go at the flute. Speaker 1: Okay. That gives me a good idea of the type of work you might be interested in. Ideally, it'd be something that combines your experience and your hobbies. If you're interested in something outdoors, I have a position helping out on a farm. That's just for a month. It's not too physically demanding, though it does require you to be on your feet all day. And it'd be nice as long as the weather is fine, but I imagine it could be uncomfortable in the rain or the heat. In the past, we've had many positions working in community centres. They've been working with the disabled or teens. The position we have available now is with elderly men and women. They have activities like flower arranging, music lessons, sing alongs, things like that. Speaker 2: Both of those sound great. I'm really open to anything. Speaker 1: That's nice to know. Just a couple more questions. Why do you want to do volunteer work? Speaker 2: Well, now that both my children are in school, I'd like to make some friends as I've got the time on my hands. Also, I like the idea of helping others. Speaker 1: And last question. How did you find our agency? We aren't in the phone book. Did a friend tell you about us? Speaker 2: No. I was on my way to school the other day, and I saw your advertisement at the supermarket. Speaker 1: It's good to know someone sees those ads. Thank you again for coming. Speaker 0: That is the end of part one. You now have one minute to check your answers to part one. PART 2 Speaker 0: Part two. You will hear a man called John Davies, who is the chairman of a photography club, giving some information to members of the club. First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 16. Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 16. Speaker 3: Hi, everyone. My name's John Davies. Welcome to this month's photography club. I'm very pleased to see a few new members in the audience, and I hope you find the club both useful and enjoyable. Now many of you have been asking me about good photography magazines. They're all slightly different, and it really depends on what you're looking for. One of the most popular is Camera Ready. It's packed full of recommendations on where to buy the best cameras and whether the Internet really has the best bargains. And it also has lots of interviews with ordinary hobby photographers like you and me. One good thing is that there's no jargon, so it's great for people who are new to photography. Outdoor Lens might suit you if you want a magazine full of inspiring and amazing images. The color printing is extraordinarily good in this publication, though that leaves little room for handy tips about actually taking a photo. I personally buy Photographer Today. You won't find free giveaways inside or beautiful images of exotic locations, but it does help me keep abreast of movements and trends within the photography world. It includes reviews and articles about the latest equipment too, which are well worth consulting before you buy anything. Photo Now is a fairly new publication dedicated to creative photography. It's expensive, but it's packed full of recommendations on how to get the best photograph you can. For example, how to use software to create special effects. Once a year, there's going to be a competition where you can win anything from the latest equipment to a photography holiday. For those of you who are into photographing nature, then Wild Photos might be just the thing for you. There isn't a print version of this one. You have to download it. And it's aimed more at the professional than the beginner, so there isn't much in the way of tips as it assumes you know all the basics. Photo Monthly is happy to accept photos from the general public for publication. This does mean, of course, that the images are not quite up to professional standard. You don't get paid any money, so if you're happy to have your work published for free, then this is the magazine for you. There's also a regular travel feature where you can find good tips about the best places to go with your camera. Speaker 0: Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 17 to 20. Now listen and answer questions 17 to 20. Speaker 3: Now I promised to talk about my recent holiday with a company called Photo Safari when I went with my wife to Kenya in East Africa. I chose this company because it has a good reputation, and it offers a number of useful features for guests. Don't expect to stay in a five star hotel, though. The campsites we were on were good, but a little basic for some people on the tour, though there was a locker provided for all our camera gear. The company is suitable for people with any level of photographic expertise, and I learned a lot from the other guests. The only extras you need to pay for are flights, and you'll also need to organize your own transfers to the accommodation when you arrive. Otherwise, it's all inclusive. And I have to say the catering was excellent, particularly the breakfasts. So what did I think of the holiday? Well, everything was very well organized, and the guides were great at finding wildlife for us to photograph. Even if one morning we didn't see a lion or elephant, there was always something to snap. There were some people there who weren't into photography and were there just for a holiday, like my wife. But even they had fun and found lots to see and do. I do think, however, that more information should be given, like about what to wear. I had on a blue denim shirt one night and quickly had to change as the color apparently attracts certain nasty insects. And we went in May and later found out that June to October would have been a better time for spotting wildlife. So what advice would I give to anyone... Speaker 0: That is the end of part two. You now have thirty seconds to check your answers to part two. PART 3 Speaker 4: Part three. You will hear two students named Joy and Tim discussing their classroom management project. First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25. Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 25. Speaker 5: Hi, Tim. I thought you'd never get here. We still have so much of our classroom management project to complete. I don't know how we'll get it done. Speaker 4: Take it easy, Joy. Our results for this course won't be high enough if we rush to finish. It's our final assignments for the semester. We don't have any other projects to do, so we can focus on this. Speaker 5: I'm not worried about my results, but we need to finish it because part of the project is to implement the results of our research and make the classroom a better learning environment. If we don't start soon, we'll run out of time. You know, the semester will finish next month. Speaker 4: That's true. What do you think of the theory chapter in our textbook? Speaker 5: I don't think we should bother with it. Speaker 4: Are you saying that because you find the theory in that chapter too difficult to understand, or is the chapter just too long? Speaker 5: Neither. My real issue is that it doesn't have much bearing on the subject we're researching. Our project is on classroom management, not on company structuring. Speaker 4: There are parallels, though. We're learning about management and structure for careers in business management. This classroom based project is just a training ground. Speaker 5: Maybe. Anyway, last time we were considering the benefits of a discussion board in each home group room. What have you come up with? Speaker 4: The role of the discussion board is for sharing ideas. Each of us can learn from what others have done before us. I thought instead of the students merely stating what textbooks they think will be beneficial, it would be more useful to document what they've already studied and the reactions they had to the material. Speaker 5: In that way, others can find books that will further their own research. That's great. What about you? How have you been getting on with your analysis of classroom structure? Speaker 4: I've been thinking about what we should discuss in our essay on that topic. The teacher's role has been discussed in previous research papers, as has the important relationship between teachers and their students. But I haven't come across much research on the place an individual student holds in the classroom. Speaker 5: So this is what I want to talk about. That could be a controversial topic. The roles have slowly evolved. Traditionally, the teacher dominated the classroom. Now the general idea is that the teacher is a mentor to guide students' learning. Speaker 4: Rather than telling them what to do. I agree. It places the students on a more equal footing with the teacher so the students have more respect for their teachers. Should we conduct interviews with the teachers regarding this developing interaction? It's not required that we do it. We could interview the students instead. I was considering it, but I think it may be difficult for many of the teachers to find the time. I tried to have a discussion with some of the professors, but they were all tied up with marking the first year students' exam papers and suggested I come back in a week or so. Speaker 5: If that's the case, we'd better not bother them. Speaker 4: Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 to 30. Now listen carefully and answer questions 26 to 30. Speaker 4: What about this last research question about the factors that contribute to successful learning outcomes? Speaker 5: Well, obviously, classroom management comes into it. I think for students, it's impossible to gain the full benefits of studying without it. In fact, I'd say it is the single most important factor of success in learning. Speaker 4: I agree, but I think feedback is pretty important too. There has to be a real dialogue going on between teachers and students, and constructive criticism is essential to students' progress and development. Speaker 5: True. And I've been thinking about the shift in roles in recent years, but the essentials are still the same. For instance, effective lesson planning is pretty fundamental. Teachers have the responsibility to do it properly. Speaker 4: I agree. That is a requirement for every teacher. I believe that each student learns at his or her own pace. Some students may need individual tutoring. I think it should be a matter of choice, though, as it doesn't work well for everyone. Speaker 5: You are right. I'd like to see more supervision in the lab too. Some of the students need a lot more help than they're getting. Speaker 4: Yes. That's true. And it would also be beneficial if students had more access to technology. Nowadays, students and teachers can use few simple clicks with a computer to finish something that might take them hours or even days in the past. Speaker 5: I agree. Even though funding technology can be expensive, it pays in the long run. Speaker 4: I am not sure. We can record it in our research though as a recommendation. Speaker 4: That is the end of part three. You now have thirty seconds to check your answers to part three. PART 4 Speaker 0: Part four. You will hear part of a presentation to biology students on new research into sea lions. First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40. Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40. Speaker 6: Hello, everybody. I'm here today to tell you about a new research study that my team here at the university is doing on the sea lions that live along the coast of Western Australia. You may be wondering why we've been studying this animal. Well, Australian sea lions have been identified as an endangered species, so there's a real need to count them and find out just how many there are. Up until 1892, the population of these animals was severely depleted because of hunting. That's no longer allowed. But today there is a new danger. Sea lions often forage for food in the same areas along the coastlines where there are nets used to catch sharks. Unfortunately, they tend to get caught up in the nets by accident and drown. Now we wanted to monitor the population of sea lions in this area, but we weren't sure of the best way to do it. There are several different animal tracking methods, which vary in their effectiveness, and there are different factors to consider. One of the most important of these is the cost, but you also have to consider how easy your chosen method is to use. You may choose a traditional method, like a plastic tag. They're relatively straightforward to attach, but they're really only suitable to use with animals that you can catch quite easily. You might also go with a more modern method like GPS tracking, which uses satellite technology to transmit data on the animal around the clock. One drawback for marine animals, though, is that they don't transmit a signal in the ocean. You only get data when they're on land. There are certain large animals in remote areas that have to be tracked using a helicopter. The polar bear is a good example. Now an important part of tracking is being able to clearly identify the animal. Some, like zebras, are identified by markings such as their stripes, while the dolphin usually has distinguishing scars on its body that can help tell them apart. Sea lions don't have any markings like this, which is just one of the challenges of tracking them. When researchers in Perth tried to use electronic tags in a sea lion study, they found that the sea lions had removed their tracking devices by deliberately rubbing up against rocks. This was something the researchers hadn't anticipated. Researchers in California studying American sea lions tried a different method. They applied paint to the animals. They thought this would be a better, less invasive means of identification. Unfortunately, this didn't work so well either because sea lions molt every year and shed their fur along with the identifying mark. So let's look at our current study. We have several aims that we'd like to achieve. The first of these is to try to establish where the sea lions can be identified from the whiskers on their face. These are much coarser than a cat's whiskers, so easier to see. Our theory is that the pattern of these whiskers may be as individual as a fingerprint on a human. If this is in fact true, then we think this could be an effective way to identify them. Our second aim is to come up with a diagram of sea lion whisker patterns so this can be used as a guide for us and other studies. We're using a few different methods to help us do all this. We know that we need to build up a wide range of visual data. So firstly, we've been in touch with zoos around Australia to gather photographs from them of the faces of any sea lions they have. This won't be enough to achieve our purpose, though, so we're also broadening our search by inviting the public to take part in our research. We're hoping this will result in hundreds of useful images we can use. Speaker 0: That is the end of part four. You now have one minute to check your answers to part four. ==================== Chinese Translation ==================== 第一部分 Speaker 0：第一部分。你将听到一位经营志愿者机构的男士采访一位名叫 Grace 的女士，她正在申请做志愿者工作。首先，你有时间看一下第一到第五题。现在仔细听，并回答第一到第五题。 Speaker 1：你好，Grace。我是 William。感谢你来参加这次面试。对我们来说，亲自与志愿者见面非常重要。我理解。 Speaker 2：完全没问题。 Speaker 1：好的。我们开始吧。联系你的最佳电话号码是什么？ Speaker 2：我的手机可能最方便。号码是 0216367189。但我白天不一定总能接听。我也会给你我的邮箱地址。我经常查看邮箱。 Speaker 1：好的。我会记下邮件是联系你的好方式。地址是什么？ Speaker 2：是 graceb@travel.co.nz。这是我年轻时选的，之后就没改过。很容易记。 Speaker 1：Grace，你有什么特别的资质吗？ Speaker 2：我现在是家庭主妇，但以前做过老师。我接受过培训并拿到了文凭，虽然已经很多年没做了。生孩子之前，我做过银行出纳员。 Speaker 1：好的。我需要了解你一周内什么时间有空。你说你有孩子。他们上学了吗？ Speaker 2：是的。两个孩子都上学了。所以我不能在早上 08:15 之前开始工作，也不能在下午 03:00 之后工作。 Speaker 1：所以你希望每天工作大约四到五个小时，比如说上午 09:15 到下午 2 点？这样你就有时间往返于学校和单位之间。 Speaker 2：那太完美了。对我来说，陪伴孩子很重要。 Speaker 1：当然。你希望周一到周五工作吗？ Speaker 2：是的。如果以后觉得太累，我可以再重新考虑。 Speaker 1：Grace，你显然有很多工作经验，但你以前做过志愿者工作吗？ Speaker 2：在橄榄球世界杯期间，有很多游客不熟悉路，也不知道在奥克兰市应该看什么、做什么。所以我做了一名向导，帮助向游客介绍这座城市。我真的很喜欢那份工作。 Speaker 1：好的。很好。你还做过其他事情吗？也许是在你上学或上大学的时候？你在那里做过志愿者工作吗？ Speaker 2：上大学的时候，一支篮网球队的经理请我当教练，我就做了。 Speaker 1：太好了。听起来你喜欢运动。 Speaker 2：以前喜欢，但现在不那么热衷了。 Speaker 1：好的。 Speaker 0：在听对话的其余部分之前，你有时间看一下第六到第十题。现在听并回答第六到第十题。 Speaker 1：如果不做运动，你还有其他兴趣爱好吗？ Speaker 2：哦，有的。我喜欢到我的花园里去，我种了大部分自己吃的蔬菜。我喜欢花和插花，但我觉得这类事情相关的志愿者工作可能不多。 Speaker 1：你会惊讶的。还有其他爱好吗？ Speaker 2：和大多数人一样，我想，我喜欢音乐。实际上，我会弹吉他，但已经有一段时间没怎么弹了，所以有点生疏了。有一天，我想试试吹长笛。 Speaker 1：好的。这让我对你可能感兴趣的工作类型有了很好的了解。理想情况下，应该是结合你的经验和爱好的工作。如果你对户外活动感兴趣，我有一个在农场帮忙的职位。只做一个月。体力要求不高，但需要你整天站着。只要天气好，就会很不错，但我想下雨或天热的时候可能会不舒服。过去，我们有很多在社区中心工作的职位。这些工作是与残疾人或青少年一起的。我们现在有空缺的职位是与老年男性和女性一起工作。他们有插花、音乐课、合唱等活动。 Speaker 2：这两个听起来都很棒。我真的什么都愿意做。 Speaker 1：很高兴知道这一点。还有几个问题。你为什么想做志愿者工作？ Speaker 2：嗯，既然我的两个孩子都上学了，我想交一些朋友，因为我手头有时间。而且，我也喜欢帮助别人的想法。 Speaker 1：最后一个问题。你是怎么找到我们机构的？我们不在电话簿里。是朋友告诉你的吗？ Speaker 2：不是。前几天我去学校的路上，在超市看到了你们的广告。 Speaker 1：很高兴知道有人看到了那些广告。再次感谢你来参加面试。 Speaker 0：第一部分到此结束。你现在有一分钟时间检查第一部分的答案。 第二部分 Speaker 0：第二部分。你将听到一位名叫 John Davies 的男士，他是一家摄影俱乐部的主席，正在向俱乐部成员介绍一些信息。首先，你有时间看一下第 11 到第 16 题。现在仔细听，并回答第 11 到第 16 题。 Speaker 3：大家好。我叫 John Davies。欢迎参加本月的摄影俱乐部活动。我很高兴看到观众中有几位新成员，希望你们觉得这个俱乐部既有用又有趣。你们很多人一直在问我关于好的摄影杂志。它们都略有不同，这完全取决于你在寻找什么。最受欢迎的一本是《Camera Ready》。里面充满了关于在哪里购买最好的相机以及互联网是否真的有最划算交易的建议。它还有很多像你我这样的普通业余摄影爱好者的采访。一个好处是里面没有专业术语，所以非常适合摄影新手。如果你想要一本充满鼓舞人心和令人惊叹的图片的杂志，那么《Outdoor Lens》可能适合你。这本出版物的彩色印刷质量非常好，尽管这导致几乎没有空间来提供关于实际拍照的实用技巧。我个人购买《Photographer Today》。你不会在里面找到免费赠品或异国风情的美丽图片，但它确实帮助我了解摄影界的最新动态和趋势。它也包括对最新设备的评论和文章，在你购买任何东西之前非常值得参考。《Photo Now》是一本相当新的出版物，专注于创意摄影。它很贵，但里面充满了关于如何拍出最佳照片的建议。例如，如何使用软件创建特殊效果。每年会举办一次比赛，你可以赢得从最新设备到摄影假期等各种奖品。对于那些喜欢拍摄自然风光的人来说，《Wild Photos》可能正是你想要的。这本没有印刷版。你必须下载。它更针对专业人士而非初学者，所以没有太多技巧方面的内容，因为它假设你了解所有基础知识。《Photo Monthly》乐于接受公众投稿的照片用于出版。当然，这意味着图片的质量可能达不到专业标准。你不会得到任何报酬，所以如果你乐意免费发表你的作品，那么这本杂志适合你。它还有一个定期的旅行专栏，你可以在那里找到关于带着相机去最佳地点拍照的好建议。 Speaker 0：在听演讲的其余部分之前，你有时间看一下第 17 到第 20 题。现在听并回答第 17 到第 20 题。 Speaker 3：现在，我答应过要谈谈我最近和一家叫 Photo Safari 的公司一起度假的经历，当时我和妻子去了东非的肯尼亚。我选择这家公司是因为它声誉良好，并且为客人提供许多有用的服务。不过，别指望住五星级酒店。我们住的营地不错，但对旅行团中的一些人来说有点简陋，不过有一个储物柜可以存放我们所有的摄影器材。这家公司适合任何摄影水平的人，我从其他客人那里学到了很多东西。你只需要额外支付机票费用，到达后还需要自己安排前往住宿地点的交通。除此之外，一切都是全包的。我必须说，餐饮非常棒，尤其是早餐。那么，我对这次度假有什么看法呢？嗯，一切都组织得非常好，导游们很擅长为我们寻找可以拍摄的野生动物。即使某个早上我们没有看到狮子或大象，也总有东西可以拍。那里有一些人不喜欢摄影，只是去度假，比如我的妻子。但即使他们也玩得很开心，有很多东西可看可做。不过，我确实认为应该提供更多信息，比如关于穿什么。有一天晚上我穿了一件蓝色牛仔衬衫，很快就不得不换掉，因为这种颜色显然会吸引某些讨厌的昆虫。我们是五月份去的，后来才知道六月到十月才是观赏野生动物的更好时间。那么，我会给任何人什么建议呢…… Speaker 0：第二部分到此结束。你现在有三十秒时间检查第二部分的答案。 第三部分 Speaker 4：第三部分。你将听到两名名叫 Joy 和 Tim 的学生讨论他们的课堂管理项目。首先，你有时间看一下第 21 到第 25 题。现在仔细听，并回答第 21 到第 25 题。 Speaker 5：嗨，Tim。我以为你永远到不了呢。我们还有那么多课堂管理项目要做。我不知道我们怎么能完成。 Speaker 4：别着急，Joy。如果我们匆忙完成，这门课的成绩不会高的。这是我们这学期的最后一项作业。我们没有其他项目要做，所以我们可以专注于这个。 Speaker 5：我不担心我的成绩，但我们需要完成它，因为项目的一部分是实施我们的研究成果，让课堂成为一个更好的学习环境。如果我们不尽快开始，时间就不够了。你知道，下学期就结束了。 Speaker 4：没错。你觉得我们课本里的理论章节怎么样？ Speaker 5：我觉得我们没必要理会它。 Speaker 4：你这么说是因为你觉得那章的理论太难理解，还是那章太长了？ Speaker 5：都不是。我真正的问题是它和我们正在研究的课题关系不大。我们的项目是关于课堂管理的，而不是公司结构。 Speaker 4：不过还是有相似之处的。我们学习管理和结构是为了从事商业管理的职业。这个基于课堂的项目只是一个训练场。 Speaker 5：也许吧。不管怎样，上次我们考虑了在每个家庭小组房间里设立讨论板的好处。你有什么想法？ Speaker 4：讨论板的作用是分享想法。我们每个人都可以从别人之前做过的事情中学习。我认为，与其让学生仅仅陈述他们认为哪些教科书会有用，不如记录他们已经学习过的内容以及他们对这些材料的反应，这样更有用。 Speaker 5：这样，其他人就能找到可以进一步推进自己研究的书籍。太好了。你呢？你对课堂结构的分析进展如何？ Speaker 4：我一直在思考我们应该在那篇关于这个主题的文章中讨论什么。教师的角色在以前的研究论文中已经讨论过了，教师和学生之间的重要关系也是如此。但我还没有看到太多关于个别学生在课堂中所处位置的研究。 Speaker 5：所以这就是我想谈的。这可能是一个有争议的话题。角色已经慢慢演变。传统上，教师主导课堂。现在普遍的观念是，教师是指导学生学习导师。 Speaker 4：而不是告诉他们该做什么。我同意。这让学生和教师处于更平等的地位，所以学生对老师更加尊重。我们应该就这种正在发展的互动关系采访老师吗？这不是必须的。我们可以改为采访学生。我考虑过，但我认为很多老师可能很难抽出时间。我试图和一些教授讨论，但他们都在忙着批改一年级学生的考试卷，建议我一周左右再来。 Speaker 5：如果是这样，我们最好别打扰他们了。 Speaker 4：在听讨论的其余部分之前，你有时间看一下第 26 到第 30 题。现在仔细听，并回答第 26 到第 30 题。 Speaker 4：最后一个研究问题呢？关于促成成功学习成果的因素。 Speaker 5：嗯，显然，课堂管理是其中的一部分。我认为对学生来说，没有课堂管理就不可能获得学习的全部益处。事实上，我会说它是学习中最重要的成功因素。 Speaker 4：我同意，但我认为反馈也非常重要。师生之间必须有真正的对话，建设性的批评对学生的进步和发展至关重要。 Speaker 5：没错。我一直在思考近年来角色的转变，但基本要素还是一样的。例如，有效的课程计划是非常基础的。教师有责任把它做好。 Speaker 4：我同意。这是对每位教师的要求。我相信每个学生都按照自己的节奏学习。有些学生可能需要个别辅导。不过，我认为这应该是一个选择问题，因为它对每个人不一定都有效。 Speaker 5：你说得对。我希望实验室里能有更多的监督。有些学生需要比现在多得多的帮助。 Speaker 4：是的。没错。如果学生能更多地接触技术，也会很有益。如今，学生和老师只需用电脑点击几下，就能完成过去可能需要几个小时甚至几天的事情。 Speaker 5：我同意。尽管为技术提供资金可能很昂贵，但从长远来看是值得的。 Speaker 4：我不太确定。不过我们可以在研究中把它作为一项建议记录下来。 Speaker 4：第三部分到此结束。你现在有三十秒时间检查第三部分的答案。 第四部分 Speaker 0：第四部分。你将听到一场面向生物学学生的演讲的一部分，内容是关于海狮的新研究。首先，你有时间看一下第 31 到第 40 题。现在仔细听，并回答第 31 到第 40 题。 Speaker 6：大家好。我今天在这里向大家介绍我们大学团队正在对生活在西澳大利亚海岸的海狮进行的一项新研究。你们可能想知道我们为什么要研究这种动物。嗯，澳大利亚海狮已被确定为濒危物种，因此确实需要统计它们的数量，弄清楚到底有多少。直到 1892 年，由于捕猎，这些动物的数量严重减少。现在捕猎已不再被允许。但今天有一个新的危险。海狮经常在沿海地区与用于捕捉鲨鱼的渔网相同的区域觅食。不幸的是，它们往往会被意外缠入网中而淹死。我们想监测这个地区的海狮数量，但我们不确定最好的方法是什么。有几种不同的动物追踪方法，效果各不相同，并且需要考虑不同的因素。其中最重要的因素之一是成本，但你还需要考虑所选方法的使用难易程度。你可以选择传统方法，比如塑料标签。它们相对容易附着，但只适用于那些比较容易捕捉的动物。你也可以选择更现代的方法，比如 GPS 追踪，它利用卫星技术全天候传输动物的数据。不过，对于海洋动物来说，一个缺点是它们在海里无法传输信号。你只能在它们上岸时获得数据。某些偏远地区的大型动物必须使用直升机进行追踪。北极熊就是一个很好的例子。追踪的一个重要部分是能够清楚地识别动物。有些动物，比如斑马，可以通过斑纹等标记来识别，而海豚通常身上有独特的疤痕，可以帮助区分它们。海狮没有这样的标记，这只是追踪它们的挑战之一。当珀斯的研究人员试图在海狮研究中使用电子标签时，他们发现海狮故意在岩石上摩擦，去掉了追踪装置。这是研究人员没有预料到的。加利福尼亚州研究美国海狮的研究人员尝试了一种不同的方法。他们给动物涂上颜料。他们认为这将是一种更好、侵入性更小的识别方法。不幸的是，这种方法效果也不太好，因为海狮每年都会换毛，脱掉皮毛的同时也带走了识别标记。那么，让我们来看看我们目前的研究。我们有几个想要实现的目标。第一个是尝试确定是否可以通过海狮脸上的胡须来识别它们。这些胡须比猫的胡须粗得多，所以更容易看到。我们的理论是，这些胡须的图案可能像人类的指纹一样独一无二。如果这确实是事实，那么我们认为这可能是识别它们的一种有效方法。我们的第二个目标是绘制出海狮胡须图案的示意图，以便我们和其他研究可以将其用作指南。我们使用几种不同的方法来帮助我们完成这一切。我们知道我们需要建立广泛的视觉数据。所以首先，我们一直在与澳大利亚各地的动物园联系，收集它们那里任何海狮的面部照片。不过，这还不足以实现我们的目标，因此我们还通过邀请公众参与我们的研究来扩大搜索范围。我们希望这能产生数百张我们可以使用的有用图像。 Speaker 0：第四部分到此结束。你现在有一分钟时间检查第四部分的答案。