Listening 2026-05 Test 7

==================== IELTS Listening Transcript ==================== PART 1 Speaker 0: Now turn to section one. Speaker 0: Section one. Speaker 0: You will hear a woman calling the London Police Department to report a robbery. Speaker 0: First, you have some time to look at questions one to four. Speaker 0: You will see that there is an example which has been done for you. On this occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played first. Speaker 1: Hello. London Police Department. Speaker 2: Yes. I would like to report a robbery. Speaker 0: The woman says that she would like to report a robbery, so robbery has been written in the space. Now we shall begin. You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a second time. Speaker 0: Listen carefully and answer questions one to four. Speaker 1: Hello. London Police Department. Speaker 2: Yes. I would like to report a robbery. Speaker 1: Alright. Just a minute while I pull up the form. Okay. Could you give me your first and last name? Speaker 2: Anna Greg. Speaker 1: Anna Greg, G R E G? Speaker 2: No. Greg, G R I E G. Speaker 1: Got it. Alright. Moving on. Gender, female. Date of birth? 03/15/1980. Speaker 1: Alright. Thanks. Just a few more personal information questions, and then we can address your claim. Alright. What's the address? Speaker 2: 4 Ellendale Street. Speaker 1: That's E L L E N D A L E. Speaker 2: Oh, right. Ellendale Street. Speaker 1: Yeah. We've had a lot of break-ins in that area lately. And the postal code? Speaker 2: W5 2AT. Speaker 1: And are you a citizen of the UK? Speaker 2: No. Speaker 1: Okay. What type of citizenship do you have? Speaker 2: Well, I lived in the United States for most of my life, but I am actually of Grenadian nationality. Speaker 1: Okay. So is that the country that issued your passport? Speaker 2: Yes. Speaker 1: Alright. Speaker 0: Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions five to 10. Speaker 0: Now listen and answer questions five to 10. Speaker 1: And what is the crime you're reporting? Speaker 2: I already said a robbery. Speaker 1: Alright. Sorry. This is about the hundredth robbery report I filled out today. Have you had any prior break-ins? Speaker 2: In the building or just my flat? Speaker 1: The unit below mine got broken into last year. Speaker 2: No. Just your flat. Speaker 1: Oh, then no. Not here. Speaker 1: Alright. Let's see here. Can you think of anything that was out of the ordinary around your building or anyone who may have had reason to do this? Speaker 2: No. It seemed like just a normal evening. I didn't see anyone suspicious and can't think of anyone that would target me specifically. Speaker 1: How long has this been your place of residence? Speaker 2: Let me think. I moved in on February 1, and it's October. So it's been about eight months already. Wow. Time flies. Speaker 1: And that is just for Ellendale? Speaker 2: Yeah? Speaker 1: Yes. I have lived in the UK for just over one year. Speaker 1: I see. Can you give me the first and last names of all members of the household? Speaker 2: Actually, I live alone. Speaker 1: Okay. So no other occupants. And can you give me a brief account of what happened? Speaker 2: I left to go to a dinner party at 6 PM. And when I returned at eleven, I found the place ransacked and a lot of my things gone. Speaker 1: Any sign of forced entry? Speaker 2: Yes. The back door was wide open, and it looked like someone used a crowbar to force it open. Speaker 1: I see. And just to be clear, was the door locked when you left? Speaker 2: Of course. Speaker 1: Hey. You would be surprised how many reports we get where people have failed to lock their doors. Now I need you to list any missing items valued above £200. Speaker 2: So far, I'm missing my computer, my purse with my wallet in it, and the TV. Speaker 1: Okay. Let's start with the computer. What is the estimated value? Speaker 2: £500. Speaker 1: And what is the serial number? Speaker 2: G4168770. Speaker 1: Thank you. And a visual description? Speaker 2: It is a black 13 inch Pendus Cloudbook. There is an Oxford sticker on the lid. Speaker 1: Okay. And could you give me a description of the purse? Speaker 2: Sure. It's a Claude Frieder shoulder bag, and the material is silver colored cloth. Speaker 1: Price? Speaker 2: £300. Speaker 1: Okay. That concludes my report. I'll submit it, and we'll let you know of any developments. Speaker 0: That is the end of section one. You now have half a minute to check your answers. PART 2 Speaker 1: Hello. London police. Speaker 3: Part two. Speaker 3: You will hear a hotel manager talking to some new staff. Speaker 3: First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 15. Speaker 3: Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 15. Speaker 4: Good morning, all of you. I do apologize for being a little late starting our meeting. One of our guests has been taken ill. Susie, who's our assistant manager, has driven him to the hospital, but she was in the middle of compiling our weekly report for head office, which is urgent, and I had to finish writing it for her. Speaker 4: Now this is the first day of work at the Ocean Edge Hotel for all of you. Let me say something that might surprise you. You've all got a qualification in hospitality, and some of you have got very high grades. But to me, what counts most is that you enjoy the contact with guests and really want to make a career in the hospitality industry. You'll be getting some very valuable experience here, so make the most of it. Speaker 4: A few words about the history of the Ocean Edge Hotel. There have been buildings on this site for about two hundred and fifty years. We know that in the eighteenth century there was a bakery here, when the town was very new. The building was destroyed by fire in the early nineteenth century and houses were constructed on the site. These, in their turn, were demolished in the middle of the twentieth century and replaced by the hotel. Speaker 4: I think it's fair to say that this is a popular place to work. We're always getting job applications from local people, even when we haven't any vacancies. And whereas in many hotels staff tend to stay for a year or even less, here five is pretty standard. And in fact, several of our staff have been here for ten years or more. You're the first people we've appointed in the last three years, and we only needed to do that because we're currently constructing 25 new bedrooms. Speaker 4: Depending on their location, hotels usually have mostly business guests or mostly tourists. We attract a large number of tourists who come to spend a few days beside the ocean. We also have quite a lot of people who are here on business and perhaps stay for one or two nights. What we've noticed recently, though, is that we're getting more and more regulars – people staying here for four nights every week because they have jobs in this locality, but live somewhere else in the country. So they go home for the weekend. Speaker 3: Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 16 to 20. Speaker 3: Now listen and answer questions 16 to 20. Speaker 4: Now let me give you an idea of the layout of the hotel. All the bedrooms are along walkways in the gardens, and the main building, which we're in now, has most of the other rooms that guests use. Speaker 4: Obviously, when they arrive, the first place they find themselves in is the reception area where we're sitting. The desk is over on the right of the entrance, and the office is immediately behind it. There's a connecting door from the desk itself and another entrance from the corridor. Speaker 4: A lot of local residents hire the function room for parties and other events. This is right at the front of the hotel, on the left of the reception area opposite the desk. This room is booked several evenings a week and most weekends. It's a major source of income. Speaker 4: Companies are very important customers for us, and a large number of local firms hold conferences here. To reach the main conference room, you go past the fountain as far as you can and the doors directly in front of you. Speaker 4: The meeting room is often hired by companies and other local organizations for small gatherings. For this room, you turn into the corridor at the side of the reception desk and you'll see the room facing you at the end of the corridor. Speaker 4: Our restaurant is open to the public as well as to hotel residents, and I'm pleased to say it has a very good reputation locally. You turn left just before the fountain as though you're heading for the guests' rooms, and it's the large room on your right. Speaker 4: Next, I should mention that there... Speaker 3: That is the end of part two. You now have thirty seconds to check your answers to part two. PART 3 Speaker 5: Part three. Speaker 5: You will hear two students named Amy and Mike discussing Maori carvings. Speaker 5: First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25. Speaker 5: Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 25. Speaker 6: Hi, Mike. Aren't these New Zealand carvings we've been studying in class fascinating? Speaker 7: Oh, hi, Amy. Oh, the Maori greenstone tikis. They're all a bit organic for my taste. You know, all curves and twisting shapes. I like modern stuff, geometric shapes, but I can see the skill involved in making them. Speaker 6: But the stories behind the tikis are what make them interesting. Besides, I imagine it would be difficult to create geometric patterns. The shape of each tiki seems to follow the natural contours of the stone. It's extremely hard, and it requires expertise and time to shape. Speaker 7: That's true. I suppose that's why modern greenstone carvings are so expensive, but there aren't that many genuine old ones around. Archaeologists rarely discover such treasures, which is odd given they are such a huge part of Maori culture. I wonder if archaeological dig sites were raided and the tikis were taken to sell. Speaker 6: I believe it's because the owners valued them and so preserved them. Many of them would have been passed down through the generations and remain in the possession of the families today, like heirlooms. Do you know what they were used for? Speaker 7: I thought they were just an art form or a means of decoration. But Professor Matteu says that the Maori believed tikis were sacred and could be used as a pathway to their ancestors. They believed the dead could speak to them through these talismans. Speaker 6: So they don't represent tribes or anything? Interesting. How many different kinds are there? There must be hundreds of variations. Speaker 7: There are other greenstone carvings beside tikis, although I can't remember all their names. Traditional tikis themselves can be divided into two distinct groups, though. Speaker 6: Can they? By the materials? I've seen some with metal features. Or is it to do with size or where they were made? Speaker 7: Actually, it is the ways that their feet, heads, and hands are placed that make the major difference. Speaker 6: Is it easy to discern the difference between the ancient stones and more modern reproductions? Are the styles very different? Speaker 7: Modern reproductions usually use a different type of stone, although they may be of the same design. They may also be of a smaller size. But it's actually quite easy to tell if you are buying a genuine carving or a mass produced souvenir. Speaker 6: How? Speaker 7: Nowadays, they are produced by machine using lasers even, so they have no blemishes. In genuine carvings, they aren't always perfect because the Maori used simple hand tools. For example, the hole that the cord is fed through isn't perfectly round. Speaker 6: That makes sense. Speaker 5: Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 to 30. Speaker 5: Now listen carefully and answer questions 26 to 30. Speaker 6: Actually, it's amazing that they produce such detailed tikis with such simple tools and materials. Talk me through the process. I know the basic shape is carved from New Zealand greenstone. Speaker 7: Yes. But first, they had to get a blank of the right size. Speaker 6: You mean a piece of stone of the right size and basic shape? Speaker 7: That's right. They used a hard stone tool, something rough, to wear a groove into a piece of greenstone. After they'd scored it with that, they could just snap it in two. I guess they could have used some kind of hammer, though. They repeated the process until they had a piece of stone suitable for what they wanted to carve, usually flat pieces for tikis. Speaker 6: Right. Because they're fairly small and quite thin, then they started carving? Speaker 7: Not right away. Before they could start carving, they needed an absolutely smooth, flat surface. Nowadays, when we want to do something like that, we'd clamp the stone in a vise and use a sander. But they used a heavy block of sandstone and rubbed the piece of greenstone on it over and over to prepare it for carving. Speaker 6: It must have been very time consuming. So how did they cut out the little details like hands and feet? Speaker 7: They had carving tools. They used small chips of stone glued and tied onto a wooden handle. Then they also used a piece of sharpened bone made into a point. Speaker 6: Is that what they used to make the holes? Speaker 7: Actually, they had a special tool to make holes. It was a stick tied between two heavy pebbles with a point at the end. They would wrap string around it, pull it back and forth to wear a hole into the tiki. They used the same technique to make round shapes too, but didn't make the hole go all the way through. Speaker 6: And I've seen some tikis with colored eyes or decorations. Are they painted? Speaker 7: Mostly, they are inlaid with different colored stone or mother of pearl from shells, or sometimes dyed pieces of bone. They were fixed in place using teratogum, a sticky plant resin. They used plants to make the natural strings too. Speaker 6: That's right. The Maori were very resourceful, weren't they? Speaker 7: They certainly were. PART 4 Speaker 8: Part four. Speaker 8: You will hear part of a biology lecture about an animal called the African clawed frog. Speaker 8: First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40. Speaker 8: Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40. Speaker 9: Today, I'd like to look at another type of amphibian, the African clawed frog, whose Latin name is Xenopus laevis. Its name is derived from the three short claws on each hind foot, which it uses to tear apart its food. The Latin word Xenopus means strange foot, and laevis means smooth. Speaker 9: I'll start with a general description. The African clawed frog is a species of frog that can be commonly found in the Eastern and southern parts of Africa. They have a flattened head and body but no tongue or external ears. As the Latin name suggests, African clawed frogs have smooth skin, unlike the toad whose skin always has a rough texture. The body of African frogs is covered with mucus which can give their sensitive skin protection, thus playing an indispensable role in their survival. Speaker 9: Male and female African clawed frogs can be easily distinguished through several characteristics, and the major one is their size. Generally, male frogs are about half as big as females. Specifically, female frogs are usually 4.5 inches long, weighing around seven ounces, while males are generally 2.5 inches long and two ounces heavy. Speaker 9: Then let's turn to their habitats. African clawed frogs are entirely aquatic frogs, so they live in water all their life, whether they are tadpoles or adult frogs. Although they can live in a wide range of freshwater environments, they particularly like still water instead of fast flowing streams. During the summer, African clawed frogs are mainly found in warm rivers, and during the rainy season, they tend to move into flooded forests. In the wild, African clawed frogs are highly adaptable to changes in the environment around them, whether in oases or glacier covered lakes. Besides, they can even survive in water with high salt levels. It is because African clawed frogs have a unique physiological mechanism in their body that could automatically regulate the balance of water inside and outside their body. Speaker 9: In dry weather, African clawed frogs always burrow themselves into mud where they can survive for more than a year. They are incredibly hardy and long lived with an average lifespan of five to fifteen years. Some are even recorded to have lived for twenty to twenty five years. However, African clawed frogs are susceptible to the pollution of the water even though they are not listed as endangered species. Speaker 9: Now let's talk about the diet of African clawed frogs. They are carnivores that like hunting insects, spiders, worms, fish etc. African clawed frogs depend on the sense of smell to detect their prey. They first use the claws on their hind feet to tear pieces of ample food. Then the front feet, which are not webbed, play an important role in feeding. African clawed frogs use their front feet to push food into their mouths, and meanwhile, a distinctive pump system is used to draw or suck food in their mouths. Speaker 9: So we can see African clawed frogs are voracious predators and can quickly adapt to many habitats. Therefore, in some parts of the world, African clawed frogs act like invasive species, which will negatively affect other species in the freshwater ecosystems. The evidence shows that they have devastated the populations of native frogs and other creatures by eating their young. As a result, African clawed frogs are illegal to own, transport, or sell without any permit in some states of America, like California, Washington, Arizona, etcetera, where African clawed frogs have been seen as a type of pest. However it's legal to own African clawed frogs in Canada. Speaker 9: But not many people know that African clawed frogs are also used in medicine. As we mentioned before, the skin of African clawed frogs is covered with mucus, which has properties of antibiotic. This chemical can help kill bacteria and cure the infection and is widely used by both the medical profession and the general public. So we shouldn't ignore the medical value of African clawed frogs. Speaker 8: That is the end of part four. You now have one minute to check your answers to part four. ==================== Chinese Translation ==================== 第一部分 Speaker 0: 现在请翻到第一部分。 Speaker 0: 第一部分。 Speaker 0: 你将听到一位女士打电话给伦敦警察局报案，称遭遇了抢劫。 Speaker 0: 首先，你有一些时间来看第1到第4题。 Speaker 0: 你会看到一个示例已经为你完成。仅此一次，与此相关的对话会先播放。 Speaker 1: 你好，伦敦警察局。 Speaker 2: 是的，我想报案，我遭遇了抢劫。 Speaker 0: 这位女士说她想要报告一起抢劫案，所以“抢劫”这个词已经填在了空格里。现在我们要开始了。你应该边听边答题，因为你不会再次听到录音。 Speaker 0: 请仔细听，并回答第1到第4题。 Speaker 1: 你好，伦敦警察局。 Speaker 2: 是的，我想报案，我遭遇了抢劫。 Speaker 1: 好的，请稍等，我调出表格。好了。你能告诉我你的姓名吗？ Speaker 2: 安娜·格雷格。 Speaker 1: 安娜·格雷格，G-R-E-G？ Speaker 2: 不，是格雷格，G-R-I-E-G。 Speaker 1: 明白了。好的，继续。性别，女。出生日期？1980年3月15日。 Speaker 1: 好的，谢谢。再问几个个人信息问题，然后我们就可以处理你的报案了。好的，地址是什么？ Speaker 2: 埃伦代尔街4号。 Speaker 1: 是E-L-L-E-N-D-A-L-E。 Speaker 2: 哦，对，埃伦代尔街。 Speaker 1: 是啊。最近那个地区发生了很多入室盗窃案。邮政编码呢？ Speaker 2: W5 2AT。 Speaker 1: 你是英国公民吗？ Speaker 2: 不是。 Speaker 1: 好的。你拥有哪国国籍？ Speaker 2: 嗯，我大部分时间生活在美国，但我实际上是格林纳达国籍。 Speaker 1: 好的。那么是你的护照签发国吗？ Speaker 2: 是的。 Speaker 1: 好的。 Speaker 0: 在你听到对话的其余部分之前，你有一些时间来看第5到第10题。 Speaker 0: 现在请听并回答第5到第10题。 Speaker 1: 你报告的是什么罪行？ Speaker 2: 我已经说过了，是抢劫。 Speaker 1: 好的。抱歉，这大概是我今天填写的第一百份抢劫报告了。你以前有过入室盗窃的经历吗？ Speaker 2: 你是指整栋楼还是只是我的公寓？ Speaker 1: 我楼下那间去年被闯入过。 Speaker 2: 不，只是你的公寓。 Speaker 1: 哦，那没有。这里没有。 Speaker 1: 好的，让我看看。你能想到你大楼周围有什么异常情况，或者有什么人可能有理由这么做吗？ Speaker 2: 没有。那晚看起来很正常。我没有看到任何可疑的人，也想不出谁会专门针对我。 Speaker 1: 你在这里住了多久了？ Speaker 2: 让我想想。我是2月1日搬进来的，现在是10月。所以大概有八个月了。哇，时间过得真快。 Speaker 1: 那只是指埃伦代尔这处住所吗？ Speaker 2: 嗯？ Speaker 1: 是的，我在英国只住了一年多一点。 Speaker 1: 我明白了。你能告诉我所有家庭成员的名字吗？ Speaker 2: 实际上，我一个人住。 Speaker 1: 好的，所以没有其他住户。你能简单说一下发生了什么吗？ Speaker 2: 我下午6点出门去参加一个晚宴。当我11点回来时，发现家里被洗劫一空，很多东西都不见了。 Speaker 1: 有强行闯入的迹象吗？ Speaker 2: 有。后门大敞着，看起来有人用了撬棍把它撬开了。 Speaker 1: 我明白了。需要明确一下，你离开时门是锁着的吗？ Speaker 2: 当然。 Speaker 1: 嘿，你不会想到我们收到了多少报告，都是因为人们没锁门。现在我需要你列出任何价值超过200英镑的丢失物品。 Speaker 2: 到目前为止，我丢了电脑、装有钱包的手提包，还有电视。 Speaker 1: 好的。先从电脑开始。估计价值是多少？ Speaker 2: 500英镑。 Speaker 1: 序列号是多少？ Speaker 2: G4168770。 Speaker 1: 谢谢。外观描述呢？ Speaker 2: 是一台黑色的13英寸Pendus Cloudbook笔记本电脑。盖子上有一个牛津大学的贴纸。 Speaker 1: 好的。你能描述一下那个手提包吗？ Speaker 2: 当然。是一个Claude Frieder的肩包，材质是银色的布料。 Speaker 1: 价格呢？ Speaker 2: 300英镑。 Speaker 1: 好的。我的报告就到这里了。我会提交上去，有进展会通知你。 Speaker 0: 第一部分到此结束。你现在有半分钟时间检查你的答案。 第二部分 Speaker 1: 你好，伦敦警察局。 Speaker 3: 第二部分。 Speaker 3: 你将听到一位酒店经理对新员工讲话。 Speaker 3: 首先，你有一些时间来看第11到第15题。 Speaker 3: 现在请仔细听，并回答第11到第15题。 Speaker 4: 大家早上好。很抱歉我们的会议开始得有点晚。我们的一位客人病了。我们的副经理苏西开车送他去了医院，但她当时正在为总部编写我们的周报，那份报告很紧急，我不得不替她写完。 Speaker 4: 今天是你们所有人开始在海洋之滨酒店工作的第一天。让我说一些可能会让你们惊讶的话。你们都拥有酒店管理方面的资格证书，有些人成绩还非常高。但对我来说，最重要的是你们喜欢与客人接触，并且真正想在酒店行业开创一番事业。你们将在这里获得非常宝贵的经验，所以请充分利用这个机会。 Speaker 4: 简单说一下海洋之滨酒店的历史。这个地方有建筑物已经有大约两百五十年了。我们知道在18世纪，当这个城镇还很新的时候，这里有一家面包店。这座建筑在19世纪初被大火烧毁，随后在原址上建造了房屋。这些房屋又在20世纪中期被拆除，取而代之的是这家酒店。 Speaker 4: 我认为可以公平地说，这是一个受欢迎的工作场所。即使我们没有职位空缺，也总是收到当地人的求职申请。而在许多酒店，员工往往只待一年甚至更短，但在这里，五年是很常见的。事实上，我们有好几位员工已经在这里工作了十年或更久。你们是过去三年来我们首批任命的人，我们之所以需要招聘，是因为我们目前正在建造25间新卧室。 Speaker 4: 根据地理位置的不同，酒店通常主要接待商务客人或主要接待游客。我们吸引了大量游客，他们会来海边住上几天。我们也有相当多的商务人士，他们可能会住一两个晚上。不过，我们最近注意到，我们的常客越来越多——这些人每周在这里住四个晚上，因为他们在本地有工作，但住在国内其他地方。所以他们周末回家。 Speaker 3: 在你听到讲话的其余部分之前，你有一些时间来看第16到第20题。 Speaker 3: 现在请听并回答第16到第20题。 Speaker 4: 现在让我给你们介绍一下酒店的布局。所有的卧室都沿着花园里的小径分布，而我们所在的这栋主楼则拥有客人使用的其他大部分房间。 Speaker 4: 显然，当他们到达时，他们首先来到的就是我们现在坐着的接待区。前台在入口的右侧，办公室就在它后面。前台本身有一扇连通门，走廊里还有一个入口。 Speaker 4: 很多当地居民会租用多功能厅举办派对和其他活动。这个厅就在酒店的前部，接待区的左侧，正对着前台。这个房间每周有几个晚上和大部分周末都被预订。它是酒店的主要收入来源之一。 Speaker 4: 公司对我们来说是非常重要的客户，许多当地公司都在这里举办会议。要到达主会议室，你一直走到喷泉处，然后直接面对的门就是。 Speaker 4: 会议室经常被公司和其他当地组织租用，用于小型聚会。要去这个房间，你拐进接待台旁边的走廊，在走廊尽头你会看到正对着你的房间。 Speaker 4: 我们的餐厅对公众和酒店住客都开放，我很高兴地说，它在当地享有很好的声誉。你就在喷泉前向左转，就像你要去客人房间一样，它就是你右手边那个大房间。 Speaker 4: 接下来，我应该提到…… Speaker 3: 第二部分到此结束。你现在有三十秒时间检查第二部分的答案。 第三部分 Speaker 5: 第三部分。 Speaker 5: 你将听到两位名叫艾米和迈克的学生讨论毛利雕刻。 Speaker 5: 首先，你有一些时间来看第21到第25题。 Speaker 5: 现在请仔细听，并回答第21到第25题。 Speaker 6: 嗨，迈克。我们在课堂上学习的这些新西兰雕刻不是很迷人吗？ Speaker 7: 哦，嗨，艾米。哦，那些毛利绿玉提基雕像。对我来说，它们都有点太有机了。你知道的，全是曲线和扭曲的形状。我喜欢现代的东西，几何形状，但我能看出制作它们所需的技巧。 Speaker 6: 但是提基雕像背后的故事才是它们有趣的地方。此外，我想创造几何图案也会很困难。每个提基雕像的形状似乎都遵循着石头的天然轮廓。它非常坚硬，需要专业知识和时间来塑形。 Speaker 7: 没错。我想这就是为什么现代绿玉雕刻如此昂贵的原因，但真正的古老雕刻并不多。考古学家很少发现这样的珍宝，考虑到它们是毛利文化如此重要的一部分，这很奇怪。我在想是不是考古发掘现场被洗劫了，提基雕像被拿去卖了。 Speaker 6: 我相信这是因为物主珍视它们，所以保存了下来。其中许多会代代相传，至今仍由家族持有，就像传家宝一样。你知道它们是用来做什么的吗？ Speaker 7: 我以前以为它们只是一种艺术形式或装饰手段。但马特乌教授说，毛利人相信提基雕像是神圣的，可以作为通往他们祖先的通道。他们相信死者可以通过这些护身符与他们交谈。 Speaker 6: 所以它们不代表部落或其他什么？有意思。有多少种不同的种类？肯定有几百种变体。 Speaker 7: 除了提基雕像，还有其他绿玉雕刻，虽然我记不住它们所有的名字。不过，传统的提基雕像本身可以分为两个不同的类别。 Speaker 6: 是吗？按材料分？我见过一些带有金属特征的。还是与大小或制作地点有关？ Speaker 7: 实际上，它们的脚、头和手的放置方式才是主要区别。 Speaker 6: 容易分辨古代石头和现代复制品之间的区别吗？风格差别很大吗？ Speaker 7: 现代复制品通常使用不同类型的石头，尽管它们可能采用相同的设计。它们的尺寸也可能更小。但实际上，很容易判断你买的是真正的雕刻还是批量生产的纪念品。 Speaker 6: 怎么看？ Speaker 7: 如今，它们是用机器甚至激光生产的，所以没有瑕疵。在真正的雕刻中，它们并不总是完美的，因为毛利人使用简单的手工工具。例如，穿绳子的孔不是完美的圆形。 Speaker 6: 有道理。 Speaker 5: 在你听到讨论的其余部分之前，你有一些时间来看第26到第30题。 Speaker 5: 现在请仔细听，并回答第26到第30题。 Speaker 6: 实际上，他们能用如此简单的工具和材料制作出如此精细的提基雕像，真是令人惊叹。给我讲讲这个过程吧。我知道基本形状是从新西兰绿玉上雕刻出来的。 Speaker 7: 是的。但首先，他们必须得到一块大小合适的毛坯。 Speaker 6: 你是指一块大小和基本形状合适的石头？ Speaker 7: 没错。他们用一种坚硬的石制工具，一种粗糙的东西，在一块绿玉上磨出一道沟槽。在他们用那个工具刻出痕迹后，就可以直接把它掰成两半。不过我想他们也可能用了某种锤子。他们重复这个过程，直到得到一块适合他们想要雕刻的石头，通常是用于提基雕像的扁平石块。 Speaker 6: 对。因为它们相当小而且很薄，然后他们就开始雕刻了？ Speaker 7: 不是马上。在他们开始雕刻之前，他们需要一个绝对光滑、平坦的表面。如今，当我们想做类似的事情时，我们会把石头夹在台钳里，用砂光机打磨。但他们用的是沉重的砂岩块，反复在绿玉石上摩擦，为雕刻做准备。 Speaker 6: 那一定非常耗时。那么他们是如何雕刻出像手和脚这样的小细节的呢？ Speaker 7: 他们有雕刻工具。他们把小块的石片粘绑在木柄上。然后他们还使用一块磨尖的骨头制成的尖头工具。 Speaker 6: 那是用来打孔的吗？ Speaker 7: 实际上，他们有专门的打孔工具。那是一根棍子，两端绑着沉重的鹅卵石，末端是尖的。他们会把绳子绕在上面，来回拉动，在提基雕像上磨出一个洞。他们也用同样的技术来制作圆形，但不会把洞完全打通。 Speaker 6: 我见过一些提基雕像有彩色的眼睛或装饰。它们是画上去的吗？ Speaker 7: 大多数是镶嵌了不同颜色的石头或贝壳里的珍珠母，有时是染色的骨头碎片。它们用一种叫做teratogum的粘性植物树脂固定。他们也用植物来制作天然的绳子。 Speaker 6: 没错。毛利人非常足智多谋，不是吗？ Speaker 7: 他们确实是。 第四部分 Speaker 8: 第四部分。 Speaker 8: 你将听到一节生物学讲座的一部分，内容是关于一种叫做非洲爪蟾的动物。 Speaker 8: 首先，你有一些时间来看第31到第40题。 Speaker 8: 现在请仔细听，并回答第31到第40题。 Speaker 9: 今天，我想介绍另一种两栖动物，非洲爪蟾，它的拉丁学名是Xenopus laevis。它的名字来源于每只后脚上的三个短爪，它用这些爪子撕碎食物。拉丁词Xenopus意思是奇怪的脚，laevis意思是光滑的。 Speaker 9: 我先做一个总体描述。非洲爪蟾是一种常见于非洲东部和南部的蛙类。它们的头和身体扁平，但没有舌头或外耳。正如拉丁名所示，非洲爪蟾皮肤光滑，不像蟾蜍的皮肤总是粗糙的。非洲爪蟾的身体覆盖着粘液，这可以保护它们敏感的皮肤，从而在其生存中起着不可或缺的作用。 Speaker 9: 雄性和雌性非洲爪蟾可以通过几个特征轻易区分，主要区别在于体型。一般来说，雄性蛙的体型大约是雌性的一半。具体来说，雌蛙通常长4.5英寸，重约7盎司，而雄蛙通常长2.5英寸，重2盎司。 Speaker 9: 接下来我们谈谈它们的栖息地。非洲爪蟾是完全水生的蛙类，所以它们一生都生活在水中，无论是蝌蚪还是成年蛙。虽然它们可以生活在各种淡水环境中，但它们特别喜欢静水，而不是湍急的溪流。夏季，非洲爪蟾主要生活在温暖的河流中；雨季，它们倾向于迁移到被洪水淹没的森林中。在野外，非洲爪蟾对周围环境的变化有很强的适应能力，无论是在绿洲还是冰川覆盖的湖泊中。此外，它们甚至可以在高盐度的水中生存。这是因为非洲爪蟾体内有一种独特的生理机制，可以自动调节体内外水分的平衡。 Speaker 9: 在干燥的天气里，非洲爪蟾总是把自己埋在泥里，在那里它们可以存活一年以上。它们非常坚韧且长寿，平均寿命为五到十五年。甚至有记录显示有些活了二十到二十五年。然而，尽管非洲爪蟾未被列为濒危物种，但它们容易受到水污染的影响。 Speaker 9: 现在我们来谈谈非洲爪蟾的饮食。它们是食肉动物，喜欢捕食昆虫、蜘蛛、蠕虫、鱼等。非洲爪蟾依靠嗅觉来探测猎物。它们首先用后脚上的爪子撕碎大块的食物。然后，没有蹼的前脚在进食中起着重要作用。非洲爪蟾用前脚把食物推入口中，同时，一个独特的泵吸系统被用来将食物吸入嘴里。 Speaker 9: 所以我们可以看到非洲爪蟾是贪婪的捕食者，能够迅速适应许多栖息地。因此，在世界某些地区，非洲爪蟾像入侵物种一样，会对淡水生态系统中的其他物种产生负面影响。有证据表明，它们通过吃掉本地蛙类和其他生物的幼体，已经破坏了这些物种的种群。因此，在美国的一些州，如加利福尼亚州、华盛顿州、亚利桑那州等，未经许可拥有、运输或出售非洲爪蟾是非法的，这些地区已将非洲爪蟾视为一种害虫。然而，在加拿大拥有非洲爪蟾是合法的。 Speaker 9: 但没有多少人知道非洲爪蟾也被用于医学。正如我们之前提到的，非洲爪蟾的皮肤覆盖着粘液，这种粘液具有抗生素的特性。这种化学物质可以帮助杀死细菌并治疗感染，被医学界和公众广泛使用。所以我们不应该忽视非洲爪蟾的医学价值。 Speaker 8: 第四部分到此结束。你现在有一分钟时间检查第四部分的答案。